At present, most of the international education scholars and experts are committed to innovation and entrepreneurship education research, especially in the United States, Japan, Britain and other developed countries. Pay more attention to the cultivation of students' innovation and entrepreneurship education. With the vigorous development of Vocational Education in our country, a sharp increase in the number of graduates, the employment of college students face great challenges. Therefore, how to effectively change passive employment for active entrepreneurship and creativity to enhance the employment rate of students become the focus of the current vocational education personnel training.
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Current situation of innovation and entrepreneurship education of Higher Vocational College Students
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At present, the higher education in our country the overall size and the gross enrolment rate substantially rise, the popularization of higher education have been achieved, however, employment difficult problem has been main restrictive factors of the present stage our country higher education and employment system reform, especially the concept of employment of the college students is still out of date, expectations for higher golden rice bowl, for self-employed exist rejection psychology, extent delayed the process of popularization of higher education.
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Two, higher vocational colleges and universities to carry out the necessity of innovation and Entrepreneurship Education
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(a) higher vocational colleges to carry out the innovation and entrepreneurship education is to adapt to the demands of the era of higher vocational colleges is the main place of culture medium and senior technical personnel, the practice of vocational education determines the higher vocational colleges development should adapt to the development of the times and the national strategic layout adjustment. Higher vocational colleges should actively carry out various forms of school running mode, innovation and entrepreneurship education actively, so as to promote the reform of the teaching method, to promote the construction of teaching staff, improve the comprehensive ability of running a school, to improve the quality of employment of graduates of different levels.
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(II) in Higher Vocational Colleges to carry out innovation and entrepreneurship education is for survival, and for sustainable development as goal at the present stage, because of the influence of high school students of continuous decline, and many other factors, and the survival and development of most of the higher vocational colleges facing to test the research and hard to recruit students, pressure, source of students quality is not high, the school funds nervous, graduates employment quality decline and a series of problem restricts the development of higher vocational colleges, even in some higher vocational colleges is faced with challenges of survival. The survival and sustainable development of Higher Vocational Colleges of talent training quality process and made more severe requirements, to break through the difficult situation at the present stage, to break the bottleneck of enrollment and teaching, requires the higher vocational colleges to emancipate the mind, positive innovation, entrepreneurship education in the, and improve the quality of graduate employment, provide the impetus for the sustainable development of the school, to carry out the creative education is an important way to ease the employment pressure.
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(3) in Higher Vocational Colleges to carry out the innovation and entrepreneurship education is the implementation of the college students' individual development and quality education requirements of current college students have their own physiological characteristics and psychological characteristics have changed a lot, for both the world understanding and the viewpoint also hold different views, most of the higher vocational students heart full of enthusiasm and hope, in the future has a their new views. As a future oriented education, innovation and entrepreneurship education is a kind of education to a new value orientation, higher vocational education must join the innovation and entrepreneurship education content, timely revision of the talent training scheme, innovation and entrepreneurship will the organic combination of education and teaching of specialized courses, training of higher vocational students basic quality of entrepreneurship, meet the needs of individual development of students and cultivate students' enterprising spirit and ability of entrepreneurship.
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(IV) in Higher Vocational Colleges to carry out the innovation and entrepreneurship education is after adaptation to the rigid requirements of the enterprise of the traditional enterprise recruitment will be pre job training or professional quality training for new employees, because of the personnel flow faster, employee job hopping phenomenon occurs frequently, most enterprises suffer in training costs increased and training effect reduced, need the corresponding training institutions and cooperation.
At present, the majority of enterprises tend to and related to higher vocational colleges to carry out joint training, will employees cross training the higher vocational and technical colleges and universities to carry out, so that on the one hand reduces the cost of enterprise, on the one hand improves the the overall quality of the staff, solve the difficult business and employment problems. Colleges and universities to adapt to the requirements of enterprises for personnel training to establish the school, enterprise, school and other cooperation, organized innovation and entrepreneurship education experimental class.
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Three, the construction of entrepreneurship education system in Higher Vocational Colleges
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The implement of the Vocational Colleges of innovation and entrepreneurship education curriculum should highlight the practical, to highlight students' practical and theoretical enough as the main principle, class outstanding student's main body status, curriculum implementation process is emphasized to give full play to students' subjective initiative.
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(a) the innovation and entrepreneurship education into classroom teaching
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Classroom teaching is the main place to impart knowledge. The process of innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher vocational colleges must pay attention to classroom teaching. Enough class is the basic condition to guarantee the classroom teaching, the teaching of entrepreneurship theory is the premise of the implementation of entrepreneurial activity, is the accumulation and preparation of entrepreneurial activity. The school to change the innovation and entrepreneurship education teaching mode, to adopt a more flexible teaching methods, such as group discussions, independent learning, case driven, case analysis etc. various forms, increase the interactive link between teachers and students, arouse students' subjectivity and class participation enthusiasm, training students' questions, analyze and solve problems ability and innovation ability.
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(two) actively carry out various forms of entrepreneurial activities, to promote the implementation and improvement of innovation and Entrepreneurship Education
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The purpose of university student business plan competition positioning to learning, positive practice, innovation, entrepreneurial, meet the challenge, this activity is mainly used to help students learn knowledge entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial awareness, stimulate students' passion for entrepreneurship, promote entrepreneurship is a comprehensive training and platform to improve the ability of students in business, in order to promote more students entrepreneurship.
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(three) to support the establishment of campus business park, and actively carry out entrepreneurship education
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At this stage, some higher vocational colleges will be internal to the school open space and provide support to business students a physical place and technology, and some also provide some financial support and policy support, this place called higher vocational business park.
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(four) to set up a practical platform for students' innovation and Entrepreneurship Education
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At present, the biggest difficulty in the employment of college students is the social experience and lack of work experience, which also restricts the development of entrepreneurship education in higher vocational colleges. How to break through this bottleneck is the problem that every higher vocational colleges consider, the diversified and multi form student entrepreneurship education practice platform is the key to solve this problem. To carry out such as business club, Pioneer Park, business plan competition, school open shops and other forms of entrepreneurship practice multi channels of entrepreneurship education for students, more conducive to the students after graduation embarked on their own road.
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(five) to strengthen the construction of teaching staff of innovation and Entrepreneurship Education
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Schools should be equipped with a to meet the school the actual needs of the specialization, professionalization, expert of full-time innovation and entrepreneurship teaching team, clear the responsibility of all innovation and entrepreneurship education will improve the awareness and ability of innovation and entrepreneurship education of teachers as an important content for pre job training, curriculum rotation, establish related professional teachers, innovation and entrepreneurship full-time teachers to industries and enterprises to carry out its attachment to the exercise, encourage teachers to lead students to innovation and entrepreneurship.
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Reference?
[1]??????????????????????????[J].???????????????2012?5??
[1] Fu Meilan, Zhao Yuefeng. Journal of Southwest Agricultural University: Social Science Edition, 2012 (5): Based on empirical analysis of College Students' entrepreneurship education mode [J].
[2]???????????????????????????[J].???????????2011?6??
[2] Wu Lihua, Cao Xinfeng. Journal of Xingtai Polytechnic College, 2011 (6) of the college students' entrepreneurship practice mode in Higher Vocational Colleges [J].