In recent years, computer speciality in higher vocational education enrollment and employment are faced with enormous challenges, a sharp decline in students, inter school competition, employment prospects not optimistic problems plaguing many of the school. Only according to the needs of economic and social development in the computer professional training, out of a road of innovation, in order to get out of the plight of. At present, our country is trying to building an innovation oriented country, need a large number of innovative high-quality technical talents, the country - and long term educational reform and development plan (2010-2020) "also made it clear" exploration through all types of education at all levels of innovation talent training way; to encourage the joint training of top-notch innovative talents of higher school... " Tests of [1]. National economic development and higher vocational education status are calling for computer specialty in higher vocational colleges should actively cultivate innovative talents, Taizhou vocational and technical college since 2010 began to carries on the innovation personnel training, to explore the road to a suitable for higher vocational colleges to carry out personnel training, this paper on the training base construction is expounded.
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First, the training base is an important carrier of innovative ability training
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Open the history of the development of science and technology in China and foreign countries, most of the colleges and universities in the developed countries will be in the laboratory for the cultivation of students' innovative ability. Such as Cambridge University every year only 24 weeks of classes a week, but not more than 15 hours, the remaining 28 weeks to holiday forms allow students to freely in the laboratory research, creation, only the school have dozens of people get Nobel Prize [2]. Germany by the state has invested heavily to strengthen the laboratory building, training students a rigorous academic attitude, independent thinking and practical ability, so as to promote students' innovative ability.
???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? 50%. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
Our country's higher vocational colleges to high-quality technical talents training objectives, the cultivation of practical ability compared with the undergraduate course colleges and universities is more important, Ministry of education of talent training scheme in practice class proportion also clearly stipulates that should be more than 50%. In building an innovation oriented country, vocational college students will become an important force in the technical skills, their ability to innovate will be reflected in the production of high-tech manufacturing, technology and other aspects of innovation. Therefore, higher vocational colleges should focus on the cultivation of students' innovation ability, and the training base is an important carrier of innovation ability training.
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Two, reflecting the practice teaching reform of innovative ability training is the basis for the construction of training base
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The construction of the training base should serve the talent training, and the construction level of the training base is closely related to the reform of the practical teaching system. Therefore, we should first clarify the practice teaching reform ideas of the cultivation of innovative ability.
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(a) analysis of the innovation ability of Computer Majors
??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Innovation includes many aspects, the level of personal accomplishment, such as innovation consciousness, to new things ability to comprehend, analysis summary induction ability and so on; technical level, such as new technology learning ability, development and reconstruction of the product ability, interdisciplinary study ability and so on. At the same time, the innovation ability of higher vocational students and undergraduate, graduate student's innovation ability also should have the difference, the higher vocational students should play the specialty in the technical level, drive the technical innovation. For exploring computer professional students should have the ability to innovate, we three professional computer application technology, software technology and network technology as the research object, by the visit to enterprises, universities, research, inviting experts and enterprises participation analysis jobs innovation capability requirement, summarizes the required elements of innovation ability mainly should have the following aspects innovation talents for vocational students computer majors.
1.??????????????? ???????????????
1 for the rapid development of information technology in the new technology and new software has a strong independent learning ability.
2.??????????????? ????????????
2 skilled use of software development in small and medium-sized procedures to solve the actual needs of enterprises.
3.????????????????????????????
3 familiar with the development and design process of electronic products, with the ability to combine software and hardware development projects.
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4 be good at observing and thinking, have the ability to use information technology to transform the traditional technology.
5.??????????????????
5 good physical and mental quality and good team work spirit.
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(two) the practical teaching system of cultivating innovative ability
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More innovative ability elements require students to have these requirements: first, students should have a strong professional skills, especially practice skills; students should both hardware and software development capabilities, change the past emphasis on software of the ability of a single structure, improve the ability for small and medium-sized enterprise innovation to develop small projects, in addition to computer professional ability, should be the basic knowledge of the understanding of the electronic circuit; third, students should be heavily involved in the actual project development experience, through the actual combat drills, greatly enhance the ability of technology innovation.
??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????“????+???????????????????????????????????????????????
Taizhou vocational and technical college computer professional to the cultivation of innovation ability elements as the basis, closely around the local economic development, talent training mode reform, determine the "project course + comprehensive level of construction and practice teaching system are closely related to the reform. Therefore, we should first clarify the embodiment of innovation ability training of practice teaching reform.
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(a) analysis of the innovation ability of Computer Majors
??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Innovation includes many aspects, the level of personal accomplishment, such as innovation consciousness, to new things ability to comprehend, analysis summary induction ability and so on; technical level, such as new technology learning ability, development and reconstruction of the product ability, interdisciplinary study ability and so on. At the same time, the innovation ability of higher vocational students and undergraduate, graduate student's innovation ability also should have the difference, the higher vocational students should play the specialty in the technical level, drive the technical innovation. For exploring computer professional students should have the ability to innovate, we three professional computer application technology, software technology and network technology as the research object, by the visit to enterprises, universities, research, inviting experts and enterprises participation analysis jobs innovation capability requirement, summarizes the required elements of innovation ability mainly should have the following aspects innovation talents for vocational students computer majors.
1.??????????????? ???????????????
1 for the rapid development of information technology in the new technology and new software has a strong independent learning ability.
2.??????????????? ????????????
2 skilled use of software development in small and medium-sized procedures to solve the actual needs of enterprises.
3.????????????????????????????
3 familiar with the development and design process of electronic products, with the ability to combine software and hardware development projects.
4.??????????????????????????
4 be good at observing and thinking, have the ability to use information technology to transform the traditional technology.
5.??????????????????
5 good physical and mental quality and good team work spirit.
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(two) the practical teaching system of cultivating innovative ability
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
More innovative ability elements require students to have these requirements: first, students should have a strong professional skills, especially practice skills; students should both hardware and software development capabilities, change the past emphasis on software of the ability of a single structure, improve the ability for small and medium-sized enterprise innovation to develop small projects, in addition to computer professional ability, should be the basic knowledge of the understanding of the electronic circuit; third, students should be heavily involved in the actual project development experience, through the actual combat drills, greatly enhance the ability of technology innovation.
??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????”????+???+????+????“?”?????????“??????????????????
Taizhou vocational and technical college computer professional to the cultivation of innovation ability elements as the basis, closely around the local economic development, talent training mode reform, to determine the "project course + comprehensive training and innovation training + Post" Internship "level progressive, and combined with" practice teaching system, embodies the following train of thought:
1.?????????????? 70%,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 50%???????????????????
1 to increase the proportion of the total hours of practice class to 70%, greatly enhance the students' practical ability. Cultivation of innovative talents in computer skilled professional practice ability based on. Therefore, practical curriculum has become the absolute focus on personnel training, the hours of practice the proportion in total far more than 50% of the Ministry of education requirements, effective training students' practical ability.
2.????????????????????? 1 ???”????“???”????+????+????+????“????????????????????”????“???????????? 3-4 ?????????????????????????????????????”????“ ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????”????“?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ”????“?????????????????????
2 the practice ability training system of the hierarchy spiral progression is constructed, as shown in figure 1." Levels of progressive "is refers to" project course + comprehensive practice and innovation training + Post Practice "realize students' practical ability of spiral. The "program" means from the first four semesters arrange professional 3-4 door implementation project of teaching reform of core curriculum, so that students in a real project training to lay a good foundation of professional, comprehensive training "refers to the at the end of the semester arrangement about two weeks time use have learned professional courses to carry out comprehensive training, so that students can comprehensive use of a variety of professional skills, and appropriately integrated into the interdisciplinary knowledge." Training innovation "is from the second semester began the selection of outstanding students join innovation training team creativity training and around the project development, skills competition, creative and practical task to carry out special training, cultivate a number of top-notch innovative talents." Internship "refers to the practice unit into counterparts in fifth, the six semester of full-time work.
3.????????????????? ”????“???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????
3 construct the practical ability training system." Combination of internal and external "refers to the combination of three aspects, one is refers to the practice site is the combination of practice base on campus and off campus training bases, second is refers to the teacher team is the combination of school full-time teachers and part-time teachers, three refers to the training project is learning in school projects and extracurricular enterprise real projects with. Through the combination of internal and external, so that students can come into contact with the real project as soon as possible, to achieve future employment and post seamless.
4.????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
4 into the electronic professional courses. Higher vocational students' employment service in a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs need is hardware and software capabilities and with compound talents, technology innovation is often will require software development and application in electronic products. Therefore, we will be the basis of electrical and electrical technology, computer aided design courses into the curriculum system, so that students master the basic knowledge of the circuit, etc., to broaden the professional skills, improve the ability of innovation.
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Three, reflect the innovation ability training of the training base construction
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 3 ???? 3 ?????????????????????????????????????????? 1??
Taizhou vocational and technical college in computer specialty teaching system reform as the basis, the innovation ability training as the focus, to internal and external training base for the construction of large-scale, building a new base, transformation of the old base, built the three major centers and three based on the innovative talents training school open training base, bearing the training, research and development and technical services (see Table 1).
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(a) the training base for the construction of the project to meet the requirements of the project oriented curriculum and comprehensive training reform
?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 13 ?????????? 2 ????????????????????????????????????
According to the function of the training base, the original training room is divided into three major centers, namely, software engineering center, networking engineering center, network and communication engineering center. Each training center under the training room, the original training room all according to the project of curriculum reform to transform, from the device to the table to layout has been re design, fully in line with the group research and development projects, a total change expansion training room 13, new electronic training chamber 2, school enterprise cooperation in the development of studio, the workstation service, electronic products production line and Prometric authorized testing center.
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(two) the construction of innovative ability training as the core of the Open Campus Training Base
????????????????????3 ????????????? ???????????????
According to the requirements of innovation training in the practice teaching system, the innovation training base of 3 school enterprise cooperation is built, and after many years of practice, the operation condition is good.
1.????????????? ????????????????? 2006 ???????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 teaching and researching productive training base. Relying on the construction of innovative training base. In early 2006, Taizhou vocational and technical college that shares in Teachers' professional, incorporated the corporate entity namely Longtai Science & Technology Co., Ltd.. After several years of development, the company from pure software design company to develop into teaching and research in the integration of teaching and research in the production of training base. To undertake the project are by teachers with students to jointly develop, the scope of the project involves enterprise web design, enterprise network construction, research and development of electronic products, embedded networking and other, a large number of students in the project development improves the innovation ability.
2.????????????????2011 ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
2 school enterprise cooperation teaching factory mode training base. In 2011, the Institute and Wuxi Microsoft cooperation, jointly set up a software professional Microsoft class, build teaching factory model training base. Schools and enterprises to carry out in-depth cooperation, jointly designated teaching plan, and the implementation of curriculum replacement. The training of teachers on teachers of enterprises, enhance the operational capacity of full-time teachers. Each semester by the enterprise to send engineers to the students targeted teaching, strengthen the training of professional quality, by the student's praise, the organization of teachers in the course of lectures, the completion of the teacher's school training.
3.???????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????
3 college students practice innovation training base. Building a base for innovative training outside of the course. At present, organize students to participate in skills contest and a variety of practice innovation projects has become an important way to cultivate students' innovation ability. So, the construction of the studio teachers, student organizations as the main body of the students practice and innovation training base. Every year in the new choice of a number of outstanding top-notch talent to enter the training base, by the teacher in the studio lead students around the skills competition and innovation project to carry out regular training, student associations by the senior and junior students lead low grade students independently carry out the innovative practice. Base operating situation is good, the student award.
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Four, construction of training base management system to adapt to the training of innovative ability
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In reality, some universities training room tend to give visitors bring such feelings, first-class hardware facilities, a large number of advanced large-scale equipment, training room luxury decoration, but except the left no other impression, training room is only high-grade equipment warehouse, connotation is empty, the mismanagement, and use rate is low, fewer projects, the lack of enterprise environment has many problems. The solution is to form a set of scientific and rational, efficient and practical management system, so that the training base to run well, really become the main position of innovation personnel training.
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(a) clear management system
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Training base is a type of computer professional special practice teaching sites, and management by the professional where branch (Department) is responsible for the maintenance, the college appointed relevant functional departments on training base operation for regular inspection, acceptance, which academic departments for the training base of planning and construction of audit checks, asset management department of capital equipment regular inspection and quality control department to check and evaluate the training base of operation and effect..
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(two) establish and improve rules and regulations
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Training base the first to follow the basic system of laboratory management, so as to ensure good order. The second is to build suitable management system and innovation ability cultivation, the most is important to ensure that the training room of the higher use rate and high output rate system. So we has formulated the "innovation laboratory opening management regulations" and the innovation project declaration and management approach "and other system, hand the training base regularly open, timing open, orderly management, so that teachers and students can be in their spare time to facilitate the orderly use experimental base; on the other hand inspired innovation project and the results of the application and management, has been clear about the innovation project of responsibility and work flow, and clear the project person in charge with intermediate or above professional technical titles, familiar with the professional personnel training scheme, experiment and practice of project teaching content and the students training requirements. The provisions of the students passed the examination of the innovation project can calculate the credit, published papers or winning, can be used as an important reference for the selection of annual scholarships, Miyoshi students.
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Five, training base construction effect and future thinking
????????? 2009 ??????????????????????????6 ??????????? 2012 ?????????????????????????????????3000 ?????????? 1300 ??????????? ?????????????5 ????????????????????? 13 ?? ?????????????????? 53 ?? ??????????????? 100%.
Taizhou Polytechnic College since 2009 began to explore the construction of a computer professional training base based on innovative ability training, 6 years has achieved fruitful results. 2012 successfully won the central financial support of vocational education and training base construction projects, has built a total area of 3000 square meters, the total value of 1300 yuan of equipment, comprehensive training base. Students innovation ability has been greatly improved, 5 years, students have been 13 college students practice and innovation training projects, won the third prize awards above 53 in the skills competition at or above the provincial level, two graduate certificate acquisition rate, employment rate reached 100%.
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In training base construction process, we deeply feel the training base construction and the reform of education and teaching are closely related, the two are mutual influence and mutual promotion relationship. At the same time, the training base management of power is key factor to protect the effectiveness of use of the base of training, in the construction of ground down, we intend to focus on the construction of training base of the management team, to create a special and combination, business skilled management team, training base construction to further improve the level of.
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Reference?
[1]?????????????????2010-2020? ?[EB/OL].
[1] national medium and long term educational reform and development plan (2010-2020) [EB/OL].
[2]?????????????????????????[J].?????????2001,20?6??101-102.
[2] Zhou Boming, Lu Gang, Wang Jufang. Research and Exploration on promoting the construction of experimental base and training innovative talents 2001,20 laboratory, [J]. (6): 101-102.