The party on the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee formally proposed: the development of Inclusive Finance, encourage financial innovation, rich financial market levels and products, the importance of Inclusive Finance to a new height. However, due to many factors, such as the external environment, regional characteristics and other factors, the development of Inclusive Finance still faces some difficulties and problems.
The development of Inclusive Finance in agricultural and pastoral areas of Ordos city.
(a) the financial system of agricultural and pastoral areas has been improved.
As of 2015 6 at the end of Ordos there were branches of large medium and small financial institutions and corporate financial institutions 42, the rural small and micro financial institutions have 25, the city's banking institutions and the number of outlets for a total of 607, of which 278 rural credit cooperatives, rural banks 20, two types of institutions the number of outlets for a total of 298, accounting for the proportion of 49.69%; the employees of the banking financial institutions 10140 people, including 3047 rural credit cooperatives, rural banks 508, two agency personnel a total of 3555 people, accounting for the proportion of 35.05%. from the network of institutions to set the situation, the number of outlets of small micro finance institutions the proportion has reached nearly 50% of the city, especially the rural credit cooperatives, business outlets throughout the city, to provide financial services for farmers and herdsmen to create good conditions.
(two) the expansion of financial services coverage.
As of 2015 6 at the end of the month, the bank outlets and ATM Township coverage reached 100%, administrative village (Village) bank network coverage rate reached 14.48%. since March 2014 to start the implementation of the administrative village (Village) "since the financial services to help farmers" full coverage of the project, to help the construction of agricultural financial service rapid development. As of 2015 6 at the end of the month, the city's 739 administrative villages (Village) were set up to help farmers financial services "(717 in the densely populated village village how construction), the coverage of the 652 village village.
The city a total of 32 villages Gacha due to population, a high degree of aging, factors such as low cultural level does not have the construction conditions, 55 villages, village community office network of financial institutions is nearly equidistant (far less than 1 km) does not require the construction of financial services to help farmers, currently in line with the construction of service condition coverage rate has reached 100%, farmers and herdsmen can convenient and quick access to basic financial services.
(three) the payment system of agricultural and pastoral areas is improving day by day.
First, the modern payment system in rural and pastoral areas to further improve the coverage. As of 2015 6 at the end of the month, the agriculture related financial institutions in the city 58 towns and 107 villages Gacha outlets opened the amount payment system, payment system, township coverage rate reached 100%, the village village coverage rate reached 14.48%. two is the bank card industry has been developing rapidly.
As of 2015 6 at the end of the month, the city's various agriculture related financial institutions issued a total of 1 million 104 thousand and 600 bank cards in the agricultural and pastoral areas, laying the ATM machine 370, the number of transactions 508 million 641 thousand and 700 pen, the transaction amount of 17 billion 300 million; laying POS machine 4968, the number of transactions 130 million 961 thousand and 900 pen, the transaction amount of 2 billion 800 million yuan. Three online payment, electronic payment, mobile payment continues to develop. The district's rural credit cooperatives and agricultural firms began to expand agricultural and pastoral areas of modern financial products market from 2009, in high density, layout of ATM Town Village village ATM equipment and help farmers financial service terminal, while on-line Internet banking and mobile phone banking, to fill the gaps in rural and pastoral areas without electronic banking, online banking, mobile phone payment channels, great to meet the farmers demand for emerging payment methods. As of the end of 2015 6, a total of 767 other financial payment terminals, various types of funds traded 3 million 862 thousand and 900 pen, the transaction amount of $280 million.
(four) the effect of building credit system in agricultural and pastoral areas is obvious.
By the end of 2013, the city's rural credit cooperatives all access to the people's Bank of personal and corporate credit system, so that the work of rural pastoral credit information collection work to promote a big step. In recent years, the local government, the people's Bank, rural credit cooperatives to carry out a "credit village" and "users" and "credit township construction work, as of 6 at the end of 2015, the city established farmers credit archives 136685 households, credit rating of 118088 households, accounting for the city's agricultural households 57.12%; create credit village 143 a, accounting for the city's administrative villages (Village) 19.35%.
Two, Ordos City, agricultural and pastoral areas inclusive financial problems.
(a) lack of effective competition in financial services in agricultural and pastoral areas.
Although the Erdos City jurisdiction established 15 rural banks, but there are 6 homes in the city area, 2 in the industrial park, 7 towns in the county, no 1 in agricultural and pastoral area, other banking financial institutions at the township level basically has no establishment, at present the rural credit cooperatives in agricultural and pastoral areas is still in a monopoly operation status. On the one hand, due to the lack of external competition of rural credit cooperatives, and the lack of motivation and pressure to open up the market, resulting in the development of inclusive financial services, support the development of rural economy is not active. On the other hand due to agricultural and pastoral areas of the business volume, profit margins, not the formation of economies of scale, the pursuit of profit maximization and the aims of the financial institution on the contrary, also lead to agriculture related financial institutions to outlets laying in agricultural and pastoral areas.
(two) the distribution of financial services and infrastructure is still inadequate.
As the terminal to provide financial services, financial services and basic equipment can directly affect the availability of financial services. The survey showed that farmers and herdsmen Ordos city per capita bank card 1.9, 3.11 lower than the national level; the rural and pastoral areas of business outlets outlets accounted for less than 50% of the county area, low per capita share of financial network resources, for every million people have only about 1.3 the number of outlets, financial services resources to effectively extended to the township level agricultural and pastoral areas.
(three) the availability of loans to farmers and herdsmen is relatively low.
For a long time, due to the lack of an effective guarantee of farmers and herdsmen, coupled with their own conditions can not meet the requirements of Guarantee Corporation, leading farmers and herdsmen to obtain loans more difficult. As of 2015 6 at the end of the month, the city's household loans amounted to 14 billion 500 million yuan, accounted for the city of the loan 5.41%. and on the other hand, due to provide services in agricultural and pastoral areas of small and micro finance institutions of high cost, risk and other reasons, often with high interest rates to cover its costs and risks, interest rate and the city so that farmers get loans comparison generally go up greatly, such as the Ordos city rural credit cooperatives 1 year weighted average loan interest rate is generally higher than the average lending rates more than 2 percentage points.
(four) farmers and herdsmen in pastoral areas and small and micro enterprises to further enhance the credit concept.
Although financial institutions continue to carry out various forms of propaganda and credit in the rural market, by means of credit punishment training of farmers and Small and micro businesses credit, but the rural market for breach of contract, commodity trading, credit evasion of bank debt phenomenon still restricted to escape even It is often seen., credit records, some people are not willing to participate in the credit information the collection, rating and other services, or to provide false negative information collection, natural information etc..
Three, speeding up the development of agricultural and pastoral areas in Ordos City inclusive financial countermeasures.
To encourage the development of new rural financial institutions.
The development of rural financial inclusion, can be appropriate to relax the new rural financial institutions access conditions, allowing private capital holding village bank and the county small and medium-sized banks, encourage the establishment of rural mutual cooperatives in agricultural and pastoral areas, rural banks and other new financial institutions.
Through the implementation of tax incentives, financial discount or financial assistance, guidance, encouragement and support of rural credit cooperatives, rural banks set up in agricultural and pastoral areas of service outlets, increase financial support for agricultural and pastoral areas.
(two) increase the financial infrastructure.
On the adjustment and optimization of network layout, enhance network service function, relying on scientific and technological means, continue to play the advantage of the network through the establishment of agricultural service point in the village and other places, the cloth transfer telephone, POS, ATM and other self-service equipment, the financial services tentacles extend to compensate for the lack of agricultural and pastoral areas, agricultural and pastoral areas outlets and staff, to meet the farmers and herdsmen on the agriculture, subsidies for small financial services demand based, transfer, query etc..
(three) promote innovation, improve risk sharing mechanism.
Should actively innovate, and constantly improve the risk diversification, compensation and transfer mechanism, and effectively solve the development of agricultural and pastoral areas inclusive financial costs, high risk problems. Guarantee, can establish the risk compensation fund through the formation of policy, Guarantee Corporation, inclusive financial services, enhance the implementation of credit object qualification, financial institutions risk sharing. Mortgage, innovative mortgage (pledge) and guarantee, to explore the implementation of contracted management of rural land, rural collective construction land use rights, grassland management rights, property rights and other farmers housing mortgage and agricultural machinery and equipment, transportation, land usufruct as the subject of the new mortgage guarantee, effectively relieve the loan "dilemma".
(four) strengthening the construction of credit culture in agricultural and pastoral areas.
One is to rely on all levels of government and agriculture related financial institutions, to carry out targeted to farmers and agricultural and pastoral areas of Small and micro businesses of the financial credit propaganda, through publicity and education lasting, so that the integrity concept deeply rooted. The two is to actively carry out the construction of rural credit project, strengthen the township, the village of credit and letter of credit the user evaluation work, constantly optimize the agricultural and pastoral areas of financial ecological environment, training of farmers and herdsmen and the credit consciousness, credit norms in agricultural and pastoral areas in order to create a good environment for the agricultural and pastoral areas of financial institutions to expand financial services. Three is to carry out publicity and use the media, for the integrity of the typical positive publicity, should be exposed to dishonesty, form a trustworthy glorious, shameful dishonesty, dishonesty punishment and dishonest consensus in the whole society can't do anything.