???????,???????????????????????????,????????????????,?????????,??????????????????????????????,????:?????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????????????
For primary school students, the level of writing is an important aspect to measure students' Chinese learning quality. For teachers, teaching of composition is more difficult than reading and the teaching of oral communication, efforts have little effect, at present our country elementary student's writing ability is not ideal. Chinese scholars have done some investigation and research, results showed that: the elementary students' writing ability in observing and understanding, analysis and generalization ability, thinking ability and expression ability are lacking. Therefore, to understand the reasons for improving pupils' writing ability form factors and effects of writing ability, it is particularly necessary and urgent and adopt effective teaching reform.
???????????
A, language expression ability
?????:“??????????”?????????????????????????????,??????????,??,???????????????????:????????????,?????????,??????????,??????,????????????,???????????????????????????????,????????????????,????????,?????????????
Marx pointed out: "the language is the direct reflection of thoughts". The article is based on language performance tools to reflect the social life, the author expressed thoughts and feelings, it does not exist, so leave the language, language is the first element of writing. Mr. Lao she had emphasized: language is the basic work in writing, without the use of language ability, not the expression of thoughts, feelings, even a perfunctory text, also won't have much persuasion. So, language is the tool of performance. Famous writers at all times and in all countries have attached great importance to the cultivation of language, all experienced Chinese teachers in the teaching of writing, also stressed the importance of language training, which shows the importance of the composition of language expression.
????????????????:??,??????????????????????,????,????????,????“???”,??“?”??????,?????,???????,???????????????????:??,?????????;??,?????,?????,????;??,???????????,????;??,??????????,?????
The problems of language expression in primary school composition: first, can not use precise language to express what they want to say. Second, poor vocabulary, language is not vivid, are full of "slobber words", not "the" color. Third, many more typos, mistakes. Fourth, empty talk, conventional phrases much. Influence factors of language expression ability are: first, do not know how to polish the language; second, thinking is not tight, organized not clear, effect of expression; third, not an accurate understanding of the meaning of the words, the influence of expression; fourth, modern Chinese grammar is not good, often happen.
??????????????????
How can we cultivate students the ability of language expression?
1.????,????,????
1 language learning, accumulate language, cultivate the sense of language
??,??????????????:“???????????”,“???????,????????????,?????????”,“???????????????,??,?????????????,????????????????”???,????????????“?????”???:“???????????,????????,??????????,???????????????,???????????,???????,????????,?????????”
First of all, to cultivate interest in learning the language. Cao Yu once said: "to cultivate their interest in the language of", "with strong interest, in order to better understand the language Miaojing, we can get the subtle language", "language progress such as the water went down so easy, on the contrary, only to practice the language desire without interest, language progress such as acute mountain water so difficult". Therefore, interest is a "great tips to learn a language". Also said: "one day we possessed for language, then it is into the door, then may go, to create engaging language. Learn the language by interest, to use the language as one wishes, make it become a work of art, this is a great step forward, to charge more hard work."
??,????????????,?????????,?????:???????????,?????????????????,?????,????,?????,?????,??????????,???????????????????????,“?????,?????”??????,????,?????“????”?????,???????,???????????,???????,??,???????,???????????????
Secondly, hard learning a language. Learning, have accumulated. Learning a language, there are two ways: one is to study language from the masses, the masses of the people is the most can reflect the language the language of life, it is rich and colorful, be lively and vivid, expressive, is inexhaustible, be inexhaustible source. So, Mao Zedong called on people to learn language from the masses. The two is to read names, "having read more than ten thousand books, writing if there is god". Guo Moruo think, read more and write more, familiar with the language of the "muscle tissue and subtlety", arouse the sensitive feeling, familiar with the works of the subtle pen, get rich vocabulary, so, write your own articles to, elegant style and slowly will handle very skillfully.
Third, more than the accumulation of language -- vocabulary. Stalin once said: "words reflect the status of language: vocabulary more rich, language is more rich, more developed." Have a large vocabulary, can be subtle subtlety between things to a proper extent demonstrated.
2.?????????
2 the cultivation of students' ability of description
??,????????????????,????????????,??????????,??????????????????????????????,?????????????????????
First, make clear what is the description and function. Trace is depicted, writing is a facsimile. From the writing point of view, is to use vivid language, making the character, scene, things, events and environment, form or characteristics description or portrayed, make the person reading such as its shape, hear the sound, the calendar event.
??,???????????????,?????????????????????,????????????????????????????????,??????????,????????,????????,??????????;??,????????,??????,????,????,?????
Second, clear description of the species. On the description of the species, different angles have different classified method. From the primary school composition requirements, mainly should master the language description, action description, the portrait description etc.. No matter what the description should pay attention to, must be a clear purpose, or for the performance figures of service, or to develop the plot of service, or to reveal the theme of service and so on; in addition, to grasp the object features, do a few pen, both God shaped, true to life, vivid.
??,???????????????,????,????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????,??:“????,??????”????????,???????????,?????,????,??????“???,???,???,???”?
Third, clear description method. A descriptive approach, in general, cannot do without rhetoric vivid vocabulary, strong bright color, a wide variety of etc.. People's writing style is different, different point of their respective emphasis. Lao she emphasizes that metaphor, he said: "in the description of figure of speech, can not." But Lu Xun stressed that the line, this method has no strong colors, few adjectives, little modification, that is, Lu Xun said "there is a real meaning, to whitewash, Zuozuo less, not to show off".
?????????
Two, modify the ability training
????,??????????????????????:???????,???????????????????????????????:“?????????,?????????,?????”????????????????????????????:“?????,?????,?????????,??60?????17??,??17????40??,??40????30??……??????????,????,???????????”????????????,??“????????,??????”?
Modify the composition, is an indispensable and important link in the process of writing. People recognized: the article is to come out, instead of writing it. At all times and in all countries have attached great importance to the writer the ability to modify. Liang Zhangju said: "Bai Gong ye must after conversion, then nothing. Our article, its a also." Chinese contemporary famous writer Du Pengcheng talking about "defend Yanan" writing after when he said: "in the work, year after year, the million word report literature, instead of more than 60 words into 17 words, 17 words and put into 40 words, 40 words and put into 30 words...... In the more than four years of long years, nine drafts, repeated several times more than add emasculated." Contemporary America novelist Dwyer also said, the work is not to write out my ", but changed out".
???????????????:??,????,??????,??????????,?????????????????,????????,??????“??”,???,???????????,???????????,??????????????,??????,???????????????????????,????????????,?????????????
Students modify article problems: first, have grandiose aims but puny abilities, namely the ability to identify poor, so the ability to modify a difference. Second, modify the consciousness is not strong. According to our investigation and observation, the pupil composition, almost all of a draft "pitch", does not modify the exam composition, nor the time to modify, this from a certain angle is sensible, but in any case is also a kind of helpless. Third, on their own compositions, have First impressions are strongest prejudices. There is a fixed pattern of thinking to have written essay, students tend to break this rote, change of substantive composition doesn't.
1 read modified binding, reading to change
?????????????,?????????????????????????????,??????????????????????,???????????????????,?????????????????,?????????
Reading teaching is the language teaching task, it is we cultivate students' writing ability to modify one of the most effective ways. Teaching material of this paper, are the author painstaking conception, write in ornate style of. Through the reading teaching, to enable students to understand the methods the author seeks a layout, sent word to make sentences, let the students these methods are applied to modify the composition, improve and modify the composition ability.
2.?????????,????
2 handle the relationship with the change of batch to batch, promote change
??????,?????,??????????????????????,?????????????????
Batch is the foundation for change, group service, reform is the group of purpose. As long as in actual teaching to make full use of this relationship, we can effectively improve the students' ability to modify the composition of the.
(1) teacher, students change. "Teacher" is refers to the teacher in the process of reading the students' composition, in need of modification points on various symbols or to the comments, found wonderful word sentences to be encouraged. "The students change" is refers to the student experience carefully teachers draw symbols, margin, according to teachers do annotation modify seriously.
(2)???????????,?????????????,???????????,????????,????????????
(2) inter change. Composition correcting group, select a student's essay discuss with each other, common modification. The students' positive appraisal, students interact, promote the modification to improve the ability of writing.
(3)????????????????????????,???????????????,?????,???????,?????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????
(3) surface batch surface modification. Teach students in accordance with their aptitude surface batch is the most typical in composition teaching mode, students are most willing to accept a correction method, it is direct communication, highlighting the role of feedback, which can help the students writing in the discrimination between right and wrong, and provide the basis for their modified composition. On the problems of individual existence in students' composition should adopt the method of surface group. Through the guidance and modify their own students and students friendly conversation.
?????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????,???????????????,?????????,??????,?????????,???????,?????????????????????
Discusses the cultivating pupils' writing ability from the language expression ability and the ability to modify aspects. Students writing ability is a comprehensive ability, in order to make it be improved fundamentally, we should carefully the writing ability of anatomy, to a variety of capacity one one increase, in teaching practice, many kinds of ability should be mutual, harmonious development. In this way, students writing ability will step the last higher level.