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The government governance capacity is a new development of the ability of the government in the concept of governance, the party's ruling ability is the embodiment of the party's ruling level. Government governance ability and the party's ruling ability belong to different categories, but the two have inherent consistency, the relationship of government governance ability and the party's ruling ability, to strengthen our government governance capacity and the party's ruling ability construction.
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Paper key words government ability government governance capability of the party's governing capacity
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The theory of public administration has experienced the development from the traditional public new deal to the new public administration, so it is the government's ability to pay attention to the government's ability to manage the government's public management activities. In party politics has become the norm of social life today, the construction of ability of administration of the party is a ruling party must face the problem and the relationship of government governance ability and the party's ruling ability, is the need of the ruling style of the party to strengthen the party's ruling ability, change.
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Governance and government governance capacity
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The original meaning of the word governance is guide, control and manipulation, for a long time it with the word rule cross use, since the 90s of the 20th century, "governance" have been given new meanings, very popular in political science, economics and management science. Gerry. Stoke summarizes the five views on governance, Robert. Roots are listed the six definitions of governance, Yu Keping believes that "the basic meaning of the term governance is that within a fixed range use the authority to maintain order and meet the public needs, in order to maximize to increase public interest". Mao Shoulong, and so on that the government is the process of governance, governance is the way from traditional governance to modern governance reform. Although governance of the definition of a hundred schools of thought contend, but on the understanding of the connotation of governance is consistent, that is, the cooperation between government and market, social public affairs to promote the public interest.
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At present, domestic and foreign science circles of government governance ability there is no clear and uniform definition, stay in some broad cognitive understanding of governance capacity and governance capacity, we can from scattered analysis and definition to understand and grasp the ability of government governance. Shi Xuehua proposed the concept of government's comprehensive ability to control and building Suping from point of view of the target, resources, management tools of analysis the difference between governance and government ability, that the concept of governance capability continued concern about the government's ability to public administration, but with particular emphasis on government governance under the background of new capacity requirements. Hu Angang, Wei Xing in the governance capacity and social opportunity "in an article that" reflect the governance capacity is the level and quality of government behavior, is about the stability of government governance pattern, effectiveness and legitimacy intuitive metric; higher governance capacity means the government on social and economic operation has strong adjustment ability, can better avoid the market failure, raise the overall welfare level members of society ". We can generalize the governance capacity for, government governance ability is government in order to promote the public interest by strengthening its governance and guide the private sector and civil society participation in public affairs management process reflected in the quality and level of.
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The government governance ability is the ability of the government in the development of the new situation, government governance capacity and the ability to contact each other and there is a certain difference, from the contact, the government ability is the core part of government governance ability, governance ability is the ability of the government in the new concept of development, government governance ability includes the ability of government, some scholars in the study of direct government governance capacity equal to the government ability; the difference from the point of view, which is related to the overall local government behavior, management process and the ability to highlight the government's governance capacity, is prominent is the cooperation and coordination of government management and social governance, rather than the government to act unilaterally. Some scholars believe that the government ability is associated with the rule, emphasize the authority and uniqueness of management main body, emphasizes process management control is the government standard as the starting point, and governance capability is the transcendence and development of government capacity.
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Two, in power and the party's ruling ability
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Ruling is in power. According to the interpretation of the "Ci Hai". It refers to a person or a group of people on behalf of the ruling class master or the leadership of the state power, in charge of state affairs. The power of administration refers to the power of the ruling party in power of the state power. In the era of party politics, the ruling class always takes the power of the state power by representing the interests of its class, and the power to manage economic and social affairs.
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Political party is a political phenomenon prevalent in today's world, party politics gradually developed into and parliamentary democracy, electoral system together constitute the three pillars of democratic politics in contemporary western countries. Political parties play a more and more important role in political life by organizing the election, controlling the government, holding public office, making policy, supervising the government, coordinating the interests and so on. In western countries, whether it is constitutional monarchy or Republic, both parliamentary cabinet system or presidential cabinet system countries, party or through the master and the operation of election activities become a parliamentary majority, occupy the majority of seats in parliament, and have the right to form a cabinet, become the ruling party; either by winning the presidential election victory, the party naturally became the ruling party, grasp the state power.
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The control of the political party organizations in the western countries is mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, the control and operation of the parliament. Parliamentary republic to implement national and Parliament for become party can become the key to ruling party and parliamentary elections for the party can be described as a matter of life and death, all political parties are elected to Parliament attaches great importance to, a the parliamentary election victory, Parliament in a majority of seats, by governmental organizations or participate in government organizations to achieve control of the organs of state power. However, once the parliamentary election defeat, the party will likely cause the split of the party or die. Political parties in the cabinet and parliament accounted for majority of the majority political party leader will naturally become the government cabinet of prime minister or prime minister. For the president of the country, the presidential and parliamentary elections is separated, the president and parliament is parallel to, the Parliament and the president is two separation and counterbalance the power center, Parliament cannot directly determine the government of president that the president can not directly control the Council, but can through the party to influence Parliament. Two is the control and intervention of the government. The purpose of political party activities is to grasp the political power, only to grasp the political power, in order to achieve their own political ideals, the government here refers to the narrow sense of the government, that is, the state administrative organs. In the parliamentary cabinet system, ruling party to form a government control in the form of, usually by the parliamentary election victory became the ruling party, ruling party leader for the cabinet of prime minister or prime minister, the ruling party of government control tend to be concentrated reflected in the cabinet of the prime minister or prime minister of the cabinet control. In a country with a presidential system, the political parties are organized by their leaders to participate in and win the presidential election. This form of control, compared with the parliamentary cabinet system of state ruling party to the government's control is much smaller. Of course, the ruling party of government control is mainly in an indirect way to achieve, whether parliament cabinet system or presidential system nation, the ruling party mostly through government prime minister, prime minister or president of a country identity come forward to seize power rarely take to power of the ruling party's name directly in charge of the government. Ruling party is often hidden in the government, not directly in the government. Three is the ruling party's influence on the judicial organs. Western countries to pursue the ideas and principles of separation of the three powers, namely executive, legislature and judiciary of the mutual separation and checks and balances, three authority are not mutually dependent, justice is an important part of public power, the ruling party control of the judiciary is consolidate the ruling status of an important aspect. Under normal circumstances, the judiciary has relative independence and stability, not because the ruling party's replacement and changes in the nature, but the ruling party can take some measures to influence and control the judiciary, in order to achieve the ruling party's intention.
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Western ruling party in order to consolidate its ruling status, more and more attention to the construction of the ruling capacity, of course, different countries to take the approach is not the same, but in general, mainly in the following aspects. One is to improve the ruling party's support rate. Strengthen and non ruling party cooperation, strengthen and the public communication, the ruling party to achieve the purpose of the ruling and need to get non ruling party's support and recognition, in relationship to the interests of the countries of significant proposal to get non ruling party voted in favor, to take away that down the court, the right to a "shadow cabinet"; at the same time pay attention to communication with the people, for the people's identity. Two is to improve coordination capacity. To strengthen communication and coordination with the legislature, the administrative organ and the judicial organ. Three is to strengthen its own construction, improve the party's own cohesion.
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China is a socialist country, due to historical and realistic factors, our country executes is multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, which is adapted to the situation of our country, with the western political system is essentially different. However, as the ruling party, the Communist Party of China also faces the problem of the construction of the ruling ability. The ruling party's governing capacity is a concept with rich connotation, as the ruling party, adhere to in office for a long time, and constantly consolidate the ruling position must have the corresponding ability and that the ruling party must have a certain kind of skill, and be able to make its ruling level to some extent and efficiency; the executive administrative ability is not a single indicator, but by the governing process reflects the political ability, economic ability, social ability, cultural ability constitute the integrated system. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Party Central Committee pointed out that the overall objective of strengthening the party's ruling ability construction is: through the joint efforts of the whole party, make the party always become the ruling party of establishing the party for the public and governing for the people, to become the scientific ruling, democratic ruling, ruling by law of the ruling party, be pragmatic, pioneering and innovative, diligent, efficient, clean and honest party, ultimately become always achieve the "Three Representatives" and always maintain the advanced, withstand all the trials and tribulations of Marxist ruling party, led the people of all ethnic groups to achieve national prosperity and rejuvenation, social harmony and people's happiness.
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Three, the relationship between the ability of government governance and the party's governing capacity
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The difference between the ability of government administration and the ruling ability of the Communist Party of china. First, from the main point of view, the main body of the party's governing capacity is a single and the main body of government governance. In the era of party politics, the main body of the ruling ability is the ruling party, and the main body of the government governance ability includes the government, quasi public institutions, private organizations, and social organizations. Second is from the main point of object perspective, ruling ability by moving object is state power, ruling ability strong and the weak performance on the strength of the state power charge ability; and government governance ability of object is social and public affairs, it more emphasis is a each other to coordinating the interaction process. The third is from and correlation of the Constitution and the law, ruling party through the formulation and promulgation of the law, the Party advocated the major issues in the form of laws, principles and policies of the rise to the will of the state, and then by the government to implement and execute; government governance is will the implementation of the Constitution and the laws and policies. Although the government can formulate a series of regulations and measures in the process of governance, the purpose of this study is to better implement the will of the party. Although the various private institutions, non-governmental organizations also began to gradually to the legal formulation exerted a certain influence, but always can not be like the ruling party as the leading role; adherence to and implementation of the quality of from a certain extent also reflects the strength of its governance capacity. Four is the ruling party's ruling ability more reflect ability of formulating policies at the macro level, pay attention to is the ruling party's political power legitimacy and support degree, ruling party's legal and institutional stability and effectiveness, maintenance of social governance with high efficiency and low cost and social order and fashion; and government governance ability more reflected in the governance performance. Five, the party's ruling ability is closely related to the leadership of the party, the government's ability to govern and government governance is closely related to the technical means.
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Government governance ability and the party's ruling ability is not isolated, the two have many consistency, especially in the political life of our country, government governance ability and the party's ruling ability has the following common: one is the consistency of purpose, the purpose of construction of ability of administration of the party is the party should always be the ruling party of establishing the party for the public and governing for the people, the purpose of which is to lead the people of all ethnic groups to achieve national prosperity and rejuvenation, social harmony and people's well-being. The goal of government governance capacity building is by the government and the market, the government and society in public affairs cooperation, promote civil public interest; thus, the fundamental purpose of the two are to realize, safeguard the people's interests. Two is the concept of government governance, in particular, the concept of good governance, the party's governing capacity also has the same. The ideal state of government governance is to achieve good governance, good governance of the basic elements of legitimacy, transparency, accountability, rule of law, responsiveness, effectiveness, stability, integrity, justice and participation, etc.. And party to become the scientific ruling, democratic ruling, ruling by law of the ruling party, become the ruling party of truth-seeking and pragmatic, pioneering and innovative, hard-working, efficient, honest, upright and clean, without the participation of the civil society, inseparable from the response to the people's interests, is inseparable from the rule of law. Two is the three party and civil society, especially the third sector cooperation and interaction. In the process of government governance capacity building, pay attention to the good relationship between government and market, government and civil society, "governments is not completely monopolized all legitimate power, outside of the government, society and some other agencies and units responsible for maintaining order, to participate in the economic and social adjustment." In the process of government governance total participation is the state power to return to a society; as the party in power, more civil society communication, won the recognition and support of people to the party's major policies, enhancing the party's identity an important manifestation of the citizen society. The social organizations of civil society and the third goalkeeper citizen society organize forces to become the relationships between the coordination of the party and the government and the citizen information exchanger, buffer and balancer, which will undoubtedly help to remedy the market failure and government failure, power failure and lack of democratic double defects, help to improve the efficiency of the management of public affairs and public service ability.
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In general, the party's ruling ability and government governance ability mutual influence and restrict mutually interconnected, Party's ruling ability strengthen is inseparable from the improvement of governance capacity, governance capacity-building is inseparable from the specification of the relationship between the party and the government and the party's ruling ability to a great extent by government governance ability reflected, in our country in the process of political reform, to promote the party's ruling ability and governance capacity of the two-way construction is the important content of the construction of political civilization.