1 related overview
The construction of the new urbanization and urban and rural public sports service equalization of the two complement each other, you have me, I have you. From December 12, 2013 to 13, the central conference held in Beijing, Premier Li Keqiang proposed: promote urbanization, the core is the people's urbanization, the key is to improve the quality of urbanization, the purpose is to benefit the people and the rich peasants [1]. urban and rural public sports service equalization is faced with two kinds of contradictions, one is sports resources and sports distribution of the problem; two is not balanced urban and rural areas. The equalization of public services in urban and rural areas is actually a relative concept, the relative balance of public services in urban and rural areas, the construction of public resources and the use of public resources gradually close to the construction of urbanization in china. New urbanization put an end to the "one size fits all" reconstruction model, and gradually realize the integration of urban and rural infrastructure and public services under the premise of not destroying the living environment of the farmers.
As one of the rapid developing cities in the Pearl River Delta, Huizhou is a problem of the rural population is relatively poor, the gap between urban and rural areas, urban and rural population in public sports services appear uneven phenomenon. Guangdong province urbanization development "Twelve five" plan to build the Pearl River Delta cities and regions of the world, and gradually improve the level of urban and rural integration. With the new urbanization, through the construction of urban agglomeration, in the recognition of regional, urban and rural areas, the difference between the premise, the protection of residents "bottom line is relatively equal", can better realize the combination of urban and rural residents, to protect the rights of rural residents to enjoy the equalization of public sports services in Huizhou. Therefore, in the long run, along with the promotion of new urbanization, the rural people's economic level will continue to improve, migrant workers returning home, left behind population reduction will continue to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote the equalization of urban and rural public sports.
2 research objects and methods
2.1 research object
The research object is based on the promotion of public sports service in urban and rural areas in three districts of Huizhou City, city.
2.2 research methods
2.1 2 literature survey
Through access to the special report, professional journals and network information and reporting, reading economics and social science books, combined with the new Huizhou city planning documents, thus obtaining the theoretical basis and research materials required for this paper, a great theoretical support.
2.2 2 expert interview method
Through interviews with the experts of sports science, sociology and economics in Huizhou University, we can understand the current situation of urban and rural public sports, and master the influence and promotion of the new urbanization construction on public sports services in urban and rural areas.
2.2.3 questionnaire survey
50 towns, 16 towns, 1 villages and towns in the field survey and research, a total of 1000 questionnaires distributed 500 copies of urban residents, rural residents issued 500 copies, 892 valid questionnaires, effective recovery rate of 475, 976 of urban residents, rural residents valid questionnaires for 417.
2.4 2 mathematical statistics and analysis
Using SPSS13.0, EXCEL and other statistical software to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire, so as to provide a practical basis for the study of the article.
3 results and analysis
3.1 status quo of public sports service in urban and rural areas of Huizhou
Building a happy Huizhou, urban and rural public sports services can not be limited to the equalization of sports products, sports facilities and other hardware, but also focus on the quality of life, exercise habits and the equalization of exercise programs.
1.1 3 urban and rural sports facilities construction
China's "national fitness regulations" in the second: increase the investment in rural areas and urban communities and other grassroots public sports facilities, and promote balanced and coordinated development of national fitness. For rural sports, the hardware is the foundation, is the prerequisite for starting. Now "to buy health" has become the city people's fashion language, but for the rural residents is a luxury and fuzzy. City people on the fitness square and fitness facilities in the form of a high degree of satisfaction, sports facilities are also high, from the table can be seen in the choice of "satisfied" the proportion of 86.6%, said many urban residents of sports facilities satisfaction. The rural residents' satisfaction with the construction of sports facilities is low, the proportion of "not satisfied" is 84.2%, and the choice of "satisfaction" is only 12.5%, which shows that the construction of rural sports facilities is relatively lack, which can not meet the needs of people's entertainment. "When it comes to visit Zhang Xiaomu today in Huizhou": "Huizhou sports departments have carried out the construction of sports facilities in 1043 administrative villages in Huizhou, every village has a basketball, two table tennis table" [2]. shows that the distance of people satisfied with the sports facilities, there is a big gap between supply and demand, and have a big gap between urban and rural areas, but will increase the difficulty of public sports service.
1.2 3 differences in the physical fitness program between urban and rural residents
Table 2 can be seen in the fitness project, city residents to walk as a best way of fitness, is generally the whole family was walking after supper; square dance ranked second, mainly female fitness enthusiasts, ages ranging from 30-70, although there are many contradictions in square dancing, some recent city or even to runaway behavior, but is still one of the city square dance fitness crowd favorite sport is mountain climbing; ranked fourth, with the city residents after work or on weekends together mountaineering outdoor activities, or other leisure mountaineering party friends friends. The results from the survey of rural residents, rural residents to do farm work due mainly to leisure activities, usually chess, ranked first; ranked second in the square dance, now in rural areas has become popular square dance, because everyone lively atmosphere together is more rural residents love dance exchange and leisure; at the last one is swimming. Because of the poor rural areas, lack of fitness equipment, lack of fitness awareness, a relatively simple fitness program, these problems need to be in the urbanization and public sports services can bring change.
1.3 3 urban and rural residents' fitness activities
China's "national fitness regulations" thirty-first clearly defined: the state to strengthen the social sports guidance team building, the national fitness activities for scientific guidance. For a long time, the development of rural sports in China has been lagging behind, on the one hand, the difference of economic conditions and the degree of government attention. On the other hand, the development of rural sports also need to update the concept of education and sports social instructor guidance. Sports fitness guidance is a measure of the level of sports public services. Huizhou urban residents and rural residents in the sports fitness guidance. The urban public sports service is relatively perfect. Many organizations can bring health care. Many organizations can provide guidance for the public. The only way is to achieve fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to get a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guidance. The only way is to have a fitness guide.. The contents of the rural sports fitness guidance is very short. Zhang Xiaomu guest today Huizhou network when it comes to: the city's existing 7700 social sports instructors, covering the city's various sports, after training and examination, the park plaza to provide free guidance services [2]. visible, social sports instructors are mainly concentrated in cities, towns and rural areas are basically No. Therefore, in order to realize the equalization of public sports service, we must start from the countryside.
3.2 problems faced by the equalization of public sports services in urban and rural areas in Huizhou
3 2.1 Huizhou County Economic Development in urban and rural areas, non balanced situation
Economic level directly determines the city's public service ability, no economic, financial and material resources to do the groundwork, the public service will be difficult to promote. From the data in recent years, Huizhou's economy improved significantly, the growth rate is the lead in the Pearl River Delta, but the per capita GDP, per capita disposable income of urban residents, the urbanization rate and other indicators, under the jurisdiction of Huizhou between the 7 counties development imbalance, such as the Longmen county total GDP years at the bottom, there are still problems in the extensive mode of economic development and public service plan and implementation effect, a serious shortage of public facilities and infrastructure etc.. Compared to Huicheng, Dayawan Zhong Kai hi tech Zone and is obviously in all aspects of advantage. According to table 4 in the last few years, Huizhou counties GDP income showed that Longmen county economy was the lowest, and the average level of Huicheng district is the highest. As compared to 2012 the District, Huicheng District, Boluo County, Dayawan district and Zhongkai area is the highest, respectively 42 billion 360 million yuan, 40 billion 28 million yuan, 44 billion 80 million yuan and 42 billion 200 million yuan, while the Longmen county is only 10 billion 100 million yuan, ranked last. Huizhou municipal Party school vice president Huang Wenxin believes that in addition to the gap between counties, another major factor affecting the urbanization level of Huizhou is currently Huizhou private economy is relatively weak, the number of small and medium enterprises less. Huang Wenxin believes that the role of small and medium enterprises in the process of urbanization, can drive the development of towns, creating employment and other economic level of [4]. directly affect the level of urbanization, and the level of urbanization directly affects the level of public sports service in Huizhou city and rural areas, so how to improve the economic strength, to do a good job in the construction of public services is very important.
2.2 3 urban and rural public sports service resources supply difference is significant
2012 Huizhou City 39 specific public service satisfaction sort found that the satisfaction of public sports service 76.30 points, according to the score of twenty-first, in the middle of the level of [5]. implementation of public services have a certain effect and promotion, but according to the survey found that the county's public sports service resources are different significantly, the economy is poor Longmen county public service is mainly government assistance, sports resources. In sports consciousness, the rural left behind elderly and children, the relatively low level of education, because life is forced to participate in sports, sports consciousness, to a certain extent, it also affects the difficulty of public sports services, such as interviews, many farmers do not know what is new urbanization.
The "barrel theory" shows that the level of urban and rural public sports service is the most important part of the economic base should be the weakest area, how to choose the heavy burden of the county, the implementation of the practical standard, has the important meaning for the equalization of public sports service.
2.3 Huizhou new urbanization and urban and rural public sports service interactions at the beginning
In the new period, the new urbanization construction and public service are closely linked, complement each other, and promote each other, and the new urbanization can help solve the problem of public sports service in urban and rural areas in the process of construction and planning. Therefore, from the perspective of new urbanization to consider the issue of urban and rural public sports equalization is particularly important. New urbanization construction planning for urban and rural public sports services to help, because the new urbanization is the "people" of urbanization, and people can integrate into the city or into a new life is a new urbanization success or not the symbol of the city is able to enjoy health, health, education and other basic public services and support, which means the promotion of urban and rural public services will directly affect the construction of urban and rural public sports service is an indispensable. Of course, the new type of urbanization can be a number of substantive assistance to the equalization of urban and rural public sports services, but also to see the progress of policy and urban and rural integration process, because the new urbanization and urban and rural public sports service is just in the initial stage, the results also need a long time to test.
3.3 Huizhou urban and rural public sports service equalization strategy
3.1 3 to adhere to the main line of rural economic development in China, to enhance the awareness of rural residents
Public sports service equalization reform, the countryside is the key; the new urbanization construction, the countryside is difficult, the economy is the lifeblood of the rural construction, must adhere to the rural economic development. In recent years, the national policy has gradually tilted to the countryside, the government pays attention to the development of rural economy and the improvement of people's living conditions, pay close attention to people's livelihood, to a large extent, the overall level of the rural areas has a qualitative change. Although our country gives the rural great policy, economic growth is very fast, the per capita income increases more, but because of the weak foundation of rural areas, the overall development is slow, and the development of urban economy, and even show the trend. Only people's economic conditions have been improved, can promote people's ideas of the open and understanding of the change, so that better understanding of education, care education, support education. On the contrary, the improvement of the physical fitness consciousness of rural residents needs to be based on the economy, and the material life can be satisfied in order to pursue the quality of life and spiritual needs.
3.2 3 by the new type of urbanization, improve urban and rural public sports service facilities
The core of the new urbanization is not to sacrifice agriculture and food, ecological and environmental costs, focusing on farmers, covering rural areas, urban and rural infrastructure and public services equalization. New urbanization is not a simple model of the movement, but in the original local characteristics of the construction of the building on the basis of the "people" as the center of the new towns, around the living environment and gradually gathered supporting, more humane, more in line with the development of society. Zhongshan University released the "new generation of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta," the report shows: "the new generation of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta accounted for 64%, the number reached 32 million 460 thousand people, their average age is 24 years old, and the average age of the older generation of migrant workers is 40 years old. The new generation of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta region is more active in Guangdong city life, but it is very important for their own identity, not knowing whether they belong to urban or rural. In the new urbanization construction, we should pay attention to the use of rural natural resources, and attract more migrant workers to return home, make people continue to gather together to realize public sports facilities.
3.3 3 to strengthen public finance, to promote rural township sports fitness program aid
The equalization of urban and rural public sports services in Huizhou must lead the financial industry, industry and agricultural modernization, and constantly promote public finance financing, expanding power to achieve population aggregation, urban agglomeration and public service aggregation, can continue to reduce the gap between urban and rural, to get rid of the single effect of Urban Agglomeration, to avoid the gap between urban and rural two yuan. Taking Huizhou as an example, Huayang, DESAY and other large group technology, you can put the industry shift gather to other towns, such talent, capital and technology spillover effect will drive the local economy, population aggregation. At the same time, the local government can also take the public financial investment to the private capital financing, to solve the problem of public sports service facilities, public sports products supply shortage and the introduction of social sports instructors. Therefore, we can not only rely on government investment to solve the problem of public sports services, and should attract more investment through financial and private financing, and gradually realize the equalization of urban and rural sports. In addition, after the public finance financing, more people will gather to the township, more sports and social sports instructors will appear, and many from the city to the town's labor force will also bring fitness experience to the township, the overall will appear "positive effect should be", and continue to narrow the gap with the city.
3.4 3 pay attention to the distribution of public sports resources in urban and rural areas, improve the public sports management system in urban and rural areas
For a long time, urban and rural structure of two yuan has caused a world of difference between city and countryside, the city has excellent public facilities, with excellent educational resources and elite schools, city people to enjoy the perfect training facilities and Cultural Exchange Square; in every rural village can have is very difficult to ensure a basketball court or a village activities, rural residents' fitness awareness and fitness guidance is impossible. As one of the Pearl River Delta cities, Huizhou is still a big gap between urban and rural areas, excellent education resources, medical resources and social security to make more rural children flock to the city, after graduating from college students are not willing to return to the countryside, rural construction and rural sports development is also getting worse. If only by the township between teachers and teaching for the development of rural sports in turn is only temporary, and can not solve the problem fundamentally. Huizhou Township regional development is not balanced, the total area of Huidong, Boluo, Longmen, about 76% of the city, but the total GDP is only 35.2% of the city, the population is mainly concentrated in the central area, the county's ability to absorb the population of small towns. This is mainly due to the economic development of Huizhou City, the business opportunities, small and medium-sized urban infrastructure and public service facilities, the government needs to have a sense of rural public sports resources allocation, the government needs to have a sense of rural areas, especially sports infrastructure should be more into the township, so that more people know fitness equipment, so as to bring together, the government needs to make enterprises, production bases and other industrial clusters scattered to each rural township, so the township will attract more human, and will be gathered, so as to benefit the development of rural sports.
Urban and rural public sports management, the construction and accumulation of new urban agglomeration, through attracting more industry to the township, gradually formed by the government led, market rational allocation of supply mode, so that through the market can absorb the sports resources to the most needed areas, and constantly promote urban and rural sports resources gradually to balance and equality.
3.5 3 to implement the urban and rural public school sports service, improve the level of rural sports development
Attention to urban and rural public school sports service can not ignore the left behind elderly and children left behind, the rural economy is backward to many young people in the city to work, entrepreneurship, left behind old people and children are the main resident population, followed by rural left behind children's education. Because of the backwardness of economic level, a lot of left-behind children in most of the time in school to help the family farm work, leisure time to engage in sports activities; factors of rural school sports facilities and school sports behind the poor is also an important influence.
Development of urban and rural sports key need to "people", the rural areas only the elderly and children to talk about sports? How to attract migrant workers to return home is the primary task of developing rural sports. Relying on the new urbanization policy will bring substantial help and diversion, to attract a part of migrant workers back to rural entrepreneurship, teaching aid and help will also promote the development of rural school sports. Therefore, urban and rural public school sports services need to improve and progress, the focus of work in rural schools, and constantly improve the level of public school physical education services.
3.6 3 to do a good job of urban and rural public sports construction, supervision and integration
The development of mass sports in urban and rural areas of the main difficulties in rural areas, rural sports development must go to the village households, strengthen the sports fitness propaganda, establish and perfect all kinds of rural sports organizations, and effectively improve the ability of grassroots sports consultation and guidance, timely guidance and adjustment of life behavior and values of village people.
Gradually improve the supervision mechanism, the supervision of the various outlets to give the residents of Sports Counseling, sports fitness program and sports service quality. According to the "Huizhou city master plan (2006-2020)" from the ecological and environmental protection, infrastructure sharing and other aspects into four sub regions: the northern Huicheng sub region, Chen Jiang - Huiyang - Dayawan Zhongkai sub regional, sub regional, sub regional areas, coupled with the Boluo County, Huidong County, Longmen county 3 towns the construction of a reasonable layout, do the work to build sports facilities services in urban and rural areas, and consider the city village sharing principle. In the construction of sports service of urban and rural masses, each region should be based on the truth, to the city as the center, radiation to the county, from the county supervision to the township, township to the village from the supervision of sports service outlets, the formation of "to the supervision mechanism of surface accumulation". In the urban and rural mass sports service, all levels of decision-making units should focus on the development of poverty, backward towns, increase sports facilities and sports training plan, and actively carry out rural sports fitness lectures and publicity work; and through the development of mass sports or folk fun activities, increase your fitness consciousness and concept. The integration of urban and rural mass sports service construction, supervision and integration can be a great problem that has plagued the countryside for a long time, and has realized the rapid development of the rural sports, and has reduced the service gap between urban and rural areas.
4 concluding remarks
Pay attention to the urbanization of the new urbanization, in line with the objective law of social development, urban and rural public sports service if you can ride the wind gradually change the urban and rural urbanization two yuan structure, balance the relationship between urban and rural areas, and promoting rural school sports and mass sports development, will has important significance. Huizhou as one of the Pearl River Delta city, the wealth gap between the district and County Township, city and rural public sports service implementation was uneven. New urbanization construction can bring opportunities to the public sports service in the process of promoting the process, whether it is industrial group, village group will bring people together effect, around the "Habitat" to do a good job in supporting services, and constantly improve the quality of public sports service, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. Of course, to eliminate the gap between urban and rural areas also need to adjust the industrial structure, and gradually form a "government led, market regulation" to adapt to the mechanism, improve the rural economic strength, this will be a long-term study of the subject.
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