As everyone knows, Confucianism is the mainstream thought of long, the longest time and influence in the history of Chinese traditional culture, from the beginning, it reflects a kind of universal significance to the world outlook and outlook on life. The Confucian theory founded by Confucius and Confucianism, which was developed on the basis of it, had a profound influence on Chinese civilization and an important part of Chinese traditional culture.
Confucianism is the core of Chinese traditional culture, the precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese nation, and an important source of national spirit. However, some people say that it is twenty-first Century, and engage in market economy, the ancient Confucian thought is outdated. Is this really the case?
The opposite is the case. The times change rapidly has entered into the era of market economy, the rapid development of economy, the era of material wealth, information accessibility, science and technology of a thousand li a day. However, this is an era of a diversified economic, political, cultural and other fields, many social problems, such as morality, moral decline, psychological vulnerability, recluse, desire expansion...... In the face of the complicated social problem, although governments have introduced a number of measures, but in practice, they have little effect, because palliatives. To fundamentally solve these social problems, to achieve the effect of "cure", I think it is best, such as Nobel prize winner Dr. Hannes Alvin said:"...... Must go back to 2500 to absorb the wisdom of Confucius!" Because two thousand years ago, Confucius Mencius advocating Confucianism, broad and profound Paul deep, to settle down and conduct all aspects have been elaborated, there have been subtle and humane, personal opinion, if every citizen of this society are in accordance with the Confucian teachings of Kong Meng to do that the social problem is no longer a problem, can be smoothly done or easily solved "we are the world", and "harmonious society" will no longer be a distant dream.
So, what is the practical significance of Confucianism to our society today? On the basis of critical inheritance and sublimation, we should learn from the following major aspects.
First, the individual, learning the essence of Confucianism, can cultivate and enhance the sense of responsibility to the family, the country
(a) learning from Confucianism can enhance the sense of mission of citizens
In today's society, personal sense of mission, responsibility is not very strong, get the feeling that they deserve, and pay, it seems that there is nothing wrong, and even feel that they should not pay.
This behavior is not very good, we should learn the Analects of Confucius and other Confucian classics. "The Analects of Confucius advocated" image "," Shi said, be ready to die for not Hony, go15 ", that the world as the historical mission, thousands of people moving under load. "Mencius" more "music in the world, worry in the world" the appeal, the thick sense (in fact, is another form of historical mission), in a market economy prevails, only take, without dedication, love to evade responsibility today, is it for us and the urgent needs of the community. And if the whole of society, all the people are reading the advocacy and practice, these are easily transformed into a positive spirit of the new era of the mainstream.
(two) study of Confucianism, so that today's children can learn to do a lot of filial piety, in the family to do the responsibility
Filial piety is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. Confucius advocated filial piety also, the benevolence of the people ", since then filial piety is regarded as" benevolence ", formed a fine tradition of" filial piety ". In the Confucian ethics thought is the core of the compilation of "filial piety", recorded many well-known example of filial piety. For example, seventy year old Laolaizi to make their parents happy, often dressed in colorful clothes, children playing dance, pretend to walking instability and the children fell to the ground, for parents with a smile. There are a lot of people know filial Wang Xiang "lying on ice for carp" story, a story of permanent "Dong to bury the father". These examples are fully explained, "kill the body difficult to quote the parents", in the eyes of the parents always do filial. The Confucian ethics Jinglaociyou, deeply rooted in the China in ancient society, become a kind of virtue Chinese. We can't lose this virtue.
In today's society, many traditions have been lost, the traditional concept of filial piety has become increasingly thin. Many young people, especially a considerable part of 90 do not know Thanksgiving, only learned from do not know the return, the adult does not know how to support elderly parents, even a big age also depends on the parents' neet, completely unaware of what is called "filial piety", the "and" the old story in today bianwei. If the members of our society are seriously studying the "Analects of Confucius" or "filial piety", even the back according to the "filial piety" compendium "disciples regulation", learning the fine tradition of our country from the "filial piety", and the sense of the heart, in the line of practice, the social atmosphere will be good many.
(three) the study of Confucianism can make each of us active in the WTO and face the reality
In ancient Chinese, intellectual life generally has two tendencies - "transcendental" and "participation", which roughly corresponds to the "birth" and "into the world". The so-called "birth", is typical of the Taoism and the hermit, they Yuandun wild mountain forest, whether in the world, no quarrel with the world, a a body unobstructed floating state. While Confucianism advocates "WTO" spirit, requires several events that self-cultivation, regulating the family, country and the world of the literati as unalterable principles, responsible for the world, especially in the country and the world view has a strong sense of mission and responsibility. After Confucius Mencius also said that "the poor are spared up and the world economy, and in the same strain. The Confucian idea of "world economy", "Everyone is responsible for his country.", and Taoist thought different negative masquerade. The idea of active participation should also be vigorously promoted. Just imagine: if we are to ask the world, even their own pleasure, then, muddle along, with no ambition at all, in their own units, organizations and countries will have hope? Unlike Confucianism Buddhism, not to the other side Elysian Fields for marriage, and good governance in real life as the goal, just as Lu Xun said: "the courage to face the bleak life, dare to face dripping blood!" Today's young people, if carefully studied these Confucian ideas, the courage to face life will enhance the ability of anti frustration and psychological endurance will be greatly improved, the proportion of suicide may Dutch act will be greatly reduced!
(four) the study of Confucian thought, can let us learn to unremitting self-improvement, never yield in spite of reverses
A personal ambition, will unswervingly pursue the ideal, even in the face of setbacks, but also no fear, the harder pressed, the stronger thrives, the old, the stronger, this is admirable with masculine beauty of the spirit of unremitting self-improvement. The ancient sages, they or Buweijianxian obstacles, or fear of evil forces, or to seek the truth and for the national interest or regardless of personal danger, and death, both of them reflect the faith and indomitable spirit of unremitting self-improvement, great. Confucius, the founder of the Confucian school.
Confucius has always cherished the ideal and practice, especially in Nianyuhuajia Confucius as "a homeless dog". In general, the wilderness is home, brave the wind and dew, and carrying out into different countries to promote their own political ideas. I traveled to the Chen and CAI, a group of people were trapped and cruel, no food, and suffer hunger and cold Disasters pile up on one another. occasion, many people are sick. Old and infirm Confucius without the slightest flinch, but calm, optimistic as usual, still "Xiange unabated." get out of the dilemma, he and immediately led the disciples continued to lobby, "is it not" unswervingly, truly to achieve the purpose of the indomitable. This is the Confucianism has consistently emphasized the spirit of unremitting self-improvement.
In today's society, the rapid pace of life, people's pressure. Many people can't afford psychological vulnerability, pressure and frustration, often a setback is downhearted, even unable to get up after a fall. We should learn from Confucius, learning of Confucianism, like the sky and the sea has the same broad mind, unremitting self-improvement in order to realize the ideal, never yield in spite of reverses.
(five) studying Confucianism can help us to uphold justice and love our motherland
The Confucian culture emphasizes benevolence, or "image", or "die", even at this life but also the achievements of righteousness, to stimulate and spur future generations.
Mencius advocate: "immune to temptations, poverty can not be changed, force can bend, suffocate." husband in world should aspire to work with benevolence, righteousness, practice. Life is precious, if justice can be thrown. This is the Confucius "people who are actuated by high ideals in order to survive without harm Jen, and have killed themselves in order to value orientation is Mencius" break ", the two can not have both, take care of health and the right choice of life.
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Mencius said, "my good nourishing my magnanimous", this "magnanimous" with heart, ability accumulation of justice. Many of the righteous, is by virtue of "magnanimous" justice to heart attack, evil, reveals the moral strength -- either Fang Xiaoru or Harry, or Peng Dehuai and Zhang Zhixin...... Numerous people will, but also a model of patriotism. They have made great contributions to the progress of the society, the maintenance of national independence and the integrity of the territorial sovereignty of the country.
Nowadays, there are all sorts of evil forces, is popular among many unwholesome tendencies. In the face of evil forces, many people dare not face many unwholesome tendencies, and worldly-wise and play safe; personnel not related to high salaries, even complicit, contributing to the spread of unhealthy tendencies, the loss of justice is no longer righteousness. Is this to Study hard Kong Meng thought, Confucian "image, to the healthy education to Hao Ran when the infection of our compatriots. In the face of evil evil bully good, we must not be tolerated, but not petrified,. We should carry forward the spirit of courage, upright, firm, unyielding and uncompromising, Hao Ran righteousness to fight and suppress all evil things, the purity of our society. We should set up the face of unwholesome tendencies, righteousness, set an example, resolutely resist, and urged the public to. If so, it is the blessing of the nation, the blessing of the nation.
Two, for the country's managers, to learn the essence of Confucianism, both better and more scientific governance, but also to learn to think about themselves, improve their official and personal self-cultivation
(a) to learn the essence of Confucianism, can let the country managers pay more attention to teachers and education in the whole society, really form a good custom of "respecting"
Confucius is an educator, so Confucian said "heaven and earth, especially on Jun worship the teacher, the teacher put up to a relatively high position, and declared that" the day as a teacher, father of a lifetime ". Confucius is known as" the teacher for all ages "and" Confucius ".
However, after the founding of new China, due to various reasons, the status of teachers is not high, but before and after the Cultural Revolution was called "well", teachers humiliating, financially destitute, miserable. Since the reform and opening up, although Deng Xiaoping said many times to improve the treatment of intellectuals, but the treatment of teachers to improve the limited, its social status is no improvement, or even suffered contempt. Therefore, in today's society, if our country managers can Study hard Confucianism, the feelings of "respecting the" good intentions, will truly understand "a matter of education as the" meaning, may really greatly increase investment in education, improve the treatment of teachers, improve the teachers' political and social status, the real form "a good habit of respecting the" in the whole society.
(two) to study the essence of Confucianism, one of the people based thinking, can make leaders more understanding of people-oriented, scientific governance, caring for the people
The Confucian view that people is the root of a nation, is the decisive force of the rise and fall of the country, the rulers should be for the German government to pay attention to the interests of the people, cherish the people.
"People oriented", this is the true saying the Confucian, put all of the world. From the Mencius "people are expensive, followed by state, king of light", and then to Xunzi's "Eagle, the ship; then, the water. Water can carry a boat, water boat ", the thought of people constitute an important part of Chinese ancient political thought. Although China ancient rulers did not forget to press people, but they also know that people always is the root of a nation, they are killing people, It is without rhyme or reason. wasting of manpower, but more to recuperate, cherish their.
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Our country is a socialist country, the people in power, the people's interests above everything else. However, the reality is that some leading cadres serious bureaucracy, even domineering, people don't say that the master, even the most basic words were not, often insulted by damage being bullied, there was nowhere stretch, there are no complaints, obligation, rights to enjoy and protect, serious deterioration the relationship between cadres and the masses.
So, today, if our leading cadres to learn the Confucian classics, know a little of the Confucian thought of the people, understand the "people oriented" principle, understand the "water can carry a boat, can capsize the truth, know with respect for the people, cherish the people, people-oriented, scientific administration, then the other at least, relations between cadres and the masses can be much better than the present, many social contradictions will be eased.
(three) the study of Confucian thought, can let the leading cadres to reflect their desires, not extravagance, thrift
Thrift has always been one of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Confucius said: "a piece of bread, a slurry pot, drink in the streets. People back. "Unendurable, also praised the disciples Yan Hui look for release through the pain frugal spirit. The subsequent more diligence for the housekeeping cloud "!" Thrifty life can make people overcome economic difficulties, but also temper the will of the people, the achievements of its cause. So Kong Meng's thrifty, sages have to follow through learning. Zhu Geliang has a famous saying: "the husband gentleman, static to self-cultivation, Kim Tak Han Yu said:" the Tang Dynasty ", the frugal is defeated by luxury, scholar Sima Guang said:" by the extravagance and easy, from extravagance to economy!" Oppose extravagance and waste, and promote thrift!
In today's society, especially the general secretary Xi Jinping to pay close attention to public funds, waste a lot of leading cadres before the table, to the world as "home", extravagant life corrupt, wasteful consumption expenditure of public funds, often spending billions of dollars, as these from the general taxpayers to receive people fat paste with contempt, don't understand a rice porridge when her tiny things, not easily won; constant force only difficult "classical teaching, make the country serious waste of power deficiency. A few more who use their powers and reckless with greed, the flesh and blood of the people of national wealth for themselves, and then launch out, great influence here, spend money like water, government image, corrupt social values. Although in recent years the President Xi firmly put the table waste, advocated CD action, but there are still a few leading cadres can not continue to secretly extravagance and waste Every order is executed without fail..
Only by learning Confucianism, understand the Confucian "gentleman learned while three almost has the essence, often thinking of themselves, leading cadres can realize from the thought of" thrifty "," diligent ", in order to truly break away from corruption, extravagance, do something for the people.
(four) the harmonious thought of Confucianism is the cultural foundation of constructing socialist harmonious society
In today's society, the rapid development of the economy and the serious decline of moral imbalance, and even the formation of a great difference, so many social contradictions, the whole society is not harmonious enough. Although Comrade Hu Jintao proposed a few years ago to build a harmonious society, but for now, the limited effect. Because whether it is the upper class cadres, or the lower class people, especially on the ideological concept of culture has not reached the level of harmony.
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The construction of socialist harmonious society is a complex systematic project, many factors need to be combined with force, including material security, spiritual guidance, legal norms and moral self-discipline, the most important is the cultural construction for the cultural influence, can give people with good social main body value in dealing with the relationship between man and lead man, man and society, man and nature, establish seeking and thinking, in order to achieve harmony. In order to build a socialist harmonious society, it is necessary to study the Confucian "harmony" culture under the leadership of the leading cadres. "Harmony" is an important concept in oriental philosophy, "harmony" culture is the essence of Chinese traditional culture. Confucius said: "harmony but not sameness." It means that a person who has a good moral cultivation can stick to his own ideas and be able to tolerate others' opinions. Said: "the gentleman cooperate to do good deeds!" Gentlemen pay attention to unity, but do not collude with each other, the pursuit of team harmony. The Confucian advocates "harmony" between people, even between husband and wife, "Friendliness is conducive to business success." to "the pursuit of conjugal bliss"...... This series of Confucianism and culture developed into the mainstream culture of China's feudal society, in the era of globalization has a broad and profound impact on the world. If our leading cadres personally learn first advocated, and then drives the people form the atmosphere of infection, in the whole society, create a cultural atmosphere and spirit, the real harmonious society's point the day and await for it!
Three, in today's market economy, the study of Confucian thought, can regulate market order, make the market fair competition, good faith, not forgetting
Kong Meng's thought of good faith is of great significance to the establishment of market economy under the conditions of market norms
The Confucian integrity, called "Renyilizhi letter" for life "Wuchang", "letter" is integrity, cigna. In the Confucianism, the "good faith" is mainly used in the two levels of the act sender and the receiver, and has the following meanings: honesty, trustworthiness and trust. First of all, it acts issued by alum, refers to the honest and trustworthy. Confucius said: "the sincerity of their views, but also not self deception."
Confucius also said: "people without a letter, I do not know their!" Further emphasize the importance of credibility for life.
Under the influence of Confucianism, the ancient Chinese advocating integrity, the person is not trustworthy, relish in the "promise" and "a promise is a promise", "the word".
However, today, many people pursue the "money first" principle, especially in the economic field, greed, greed, deception, so either Duanjinshaoliang shoddy, deceive, or fake fake and shoddy goods piled up the street. The field of interpersonal relationship, and not speak words of promise and then deny in succession phenomenon and also let people see only meet the eye everywhere.
Therefore, in the background of today's market economy emphasis on material interests, in the materialistic agitated people find north of the situation, we should learn to learn Kong Meng Confucian thought of honesty, with these Confucius the invaluable advice guidance, purify your mind, make yourself an honest and trustworthy person, honest. No fool, even the love of money, but also "gentleman's love of money, in a proper way, don't do things against their conscience. If the public do, especially business people can do so, the market norms so sincerity can be truly established, non fake can become a reality.
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(two) the Confucian emphasis on rules and order, which is the basis of the rule of law, and today we advocate the market economy to be fair competition is completely interlinked
Confucius said, the father son. Jun Jun Chen, father and son.
In order to put forward a kind of social ethic order and norm, it is an order and procedure. The Confucian emphasis and say: "official!" Good people can be, at least is the first official. This is actually the principle of encouraging competition through proper means.
Although Confucianism emphasizes "Renyilizhi letter", advocate "gentle, modest and courteous, but never prohibit competition, Confucianism advocates is just competition. The Confucian emphasis on the father son like order, vicious competition is actually against chaos through legitimate means use unscrupulous divisive tactics, promote competition to obtain benefits. The Confucian thoughts, has great guiding significance to today's market economy, for the benefit of mercenary vicious competition, use unscrupulous divisive tactics or personal attacks of violence added chaos. If the essence of Confucianism to the education of these market players, norms and constraints of their thinking and behavior, then today's market order will certainly be different, greatly improved. The virtuous cycle of market economy will slowly form.
China is an ancient civilization with a long history. The traditional culture is broad and bright. The essence of traditional culture and the fine cultural tradition can not be cut off. A nation only treat their own cultural traditions, discard the dross and select the essence, the essence and the present national conditions combining the people, so as to serve all aspects of today's political, economic and cultural work, really make the past serve the present, is a wise nation, can be based on the nations of the world. By human respect. Its national culture can also be more vitality. Therefore, in the socialist market economy today, we fully understand and learn Confucianism, to improve the cultural quality of the individual, to strengthen the ideological cultivation of citizens, improve leader administration level, to standardize the market economic order, purify the social atmosphere, alleviate social contradictions, has important significance and carry forward the essence of national culture, the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.
Reference
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[2] Ren Xiaolan. From tradition to Modernity: an analysis of Chinese cultural conservatism [J]. Guizhou Social Sciences, 2009 (4)
[3] Zhang Shuguo point note. The book of rites [M]. Qingdao: Qingdao press, 2009: 285