Construction safety is the priority among priorities, the development of construction enterprises in the process of the road construction in the city, always keep the traffic safety of road construction as the premise, the construction of the safety evaluation system should start from the global point of view, the factors associated with the city road construction into comprehensive consideration, the accident happened in the construction before all the state occurred during and after the accident are analyzed, on this basis, the construction of security system of road construction as a guarantee.
1 key principles of road safety construction
1.1 overall safety management
The implementation of safety management of city road construction, not only refers to the products involved in the management of urban construction in the city, but also include on the engineering construction schedule control of city road construction and materials cost control, in addition, but also some of the service quality management. The implementation of safety management, not just a department of road construction departments and all staff task, but the entire road construction team's responsibility in road construction in the city, the staff should be safety management idea gradually in the process of construction. In addition, the staff will also work as a basis for the development of safety management, strict compliance with the specific provisions of the safety management of urban road construction, road construction to ensure the quality of.
1.2 will be "user" service as the project goal
The construction of the city in the construction of the project management of all users, including the whole or part of the project to rely on units and individuals. Customer service requirements of each procedure in the construction are always service users, the quality and quantity of the premise, the only way to ensure the smooth completion of construction, in order to guarantee the patency of the construction process, on this basis, continue to reduce the occurrence of accidents in road construction.
1.3 believe the data, all based on real data
Safety management is not empty talk, not the ideology concept, so the management method, but in the concrete construction will be used in the safety management of road construction must be combined with the actual situation of the construction, but also reflect the effective way of safety management. Therefore, the road safety management is quantifiable, can rely on data in the management of work. This has certain requirements for the management, in the work, we must have a correct attitude, rigorous work, any decision must be based on certain data to achieve.
2 factors affecting road traffic safety
The influence of 2.1 people on road traffic safety
Man is the main body of the human society and the main body of the road traffic, so in the road traffic, the person is in the presence of the leader. In general, in the event of a traffic accident, the driver is often in the judgment and operation of the error, leading to the occurrence of accidents.
In addition, from the standpoint of people's needs, the people for the time saving, labor demand is getting higher and higher. Therefore, there will be pedestrians walking on the road, or the phenomenon of crossing the barrier; in the queue phenomenon occurs, the driver into the lane is not normal lanes and other phenomena.
Construction safety is the priority among priorities, the development of construction enterprises in the process of the road construction in the city, always keep the traffic safety of road construction as the premise, the construction of the safety evaluation system should start from the global point of view, the factors associated with the city road construction into comprehensive consideration, the accident happened in the construction before all the state occurred during and after the accident are analyzed, on this basis, the construction of security system of road construction as a guarantee.
1 key principles of road safety construction
1.1 overall safety management
The implementation of safety management of city road construction, not only refers to the products involved in the management of urban construction in the city, but also include on the engineering construction schedule control of city road construction and materials cost control, in addition, but also some of the service quality management. The implementation of safety management, not just a department of road construction departments and all staff task, but the entire road construction team's responsibility in road construction in the city, the staff should be safety management idea gradually in the process of construction. In addition, the staff will also work as a basis for the development of safety management, strict compliance with the specific provisions of the safety management of urban road construction, road construction to ensure the quality of.
1.2 will be "user" service as the project goal
The construction of the city in the construction of the project management of all users, including the whole or part of the project to rely on units and individuals. Customer service requirements of each procedure in the construction are always service users, the quality and quantity of the premise, the only way to ensure the smooth completion of construction, in order to guarantee the patency of the construction process, on this basis, continue to reduce the occurrence of accidents in road construction.
1.3 believe the data, all based on real data
Safety management is not empty talk, not the ideology concept, so the management method, but in the concrete construction will be used in the safety management of road construction must be combined with the actual situation of the construction, but also reflect the effective way of safety management. Therefore, the road safety management is quantifiable, can rely on data in the management of work. This has certain requirements for the management, in the work, we must have a correct attitude, rigorous work, any decision must be based on certain data to achieve.
2 factors affecting road traffic safety
The influence of 2.1 people on road traffic safety
Man is the main body of the human society and the main body of the road traffic, so in the road traffic, the person is in the presence of the leader. In general, in the event of a traffic accident, the driver is often in the judgment and operation of the error, leading to the occurrence of accidents.
In addition, from the standpoint of people's needs, the people for the time saving, labor demand is getting higher and higher. Therefore, there will be pedestrians walking on the road, or the phenomenon of crossing the barrier; in the queue phenomenon occurs, the driver into the lane is not normal lanes and other phenomena.
3.2 accident rate method
The probability of the accident analysis, we can choose to use accident rate, it is the traffic safety level in a relative index to express road, has very obvious comparability, it can be divided into the place of accident rate, road accident rate and accident rate and accident area ratio method. For example: the population accident rate method: RP= (D/p) x 106, of which RP is the traffic accident mortality rate of, D is the number of deaths, P is the number of people in a country or city. For example: the operating accident rate method: RT= (D/N) * 108, of which RT is one hundred million kilometers of traffic accident mortality, D for the number of deaths, N for a certain area of the total number of kilometers running. To get a reference value through the calculation of the data, but if you just want to use a certain accident rate to evaluate the traffic safety law, one sidedness and strong, is not comprehensive enough, so we in the traffic safety assessment is to conduct a comprehensive summary of the comprehensive effect, and the integrated accident rate method not representative of all, it was deeply influenced by subjective factors, so it is still controversial.
3.3 probability mathematical statistics
The probability and mathematical statistics method is mainly for calculation of the probability of the accident, the probability distribution of accident prediction assessment, there is a range of values as the evaluation criteria, if the accident number is beyond the scope of it is representative of the range is more dangerous, on the other hand, below this range is identified as comparison safety.
We can use a formula to explain that the number of accidents occurring in a certain area is approximately normal distribution:
Y is the number of accidents; Y~ is the allowable value of the accident theory; Y- is the estimated value of the number of accidents. Z random variables obey the normal distribution, a certain confidence value, such as 95%, when the Z>62; 1.96, the number of accidents is not safe, belong to the dangerous area; when Z>0; -1.96, is a safe area; when 1.96=60; Z<60; 1.96, belongs to the normal range. Although this method is simple to operate, in China is relatively common, but it is in the analysis of the accident are too simple, the factors considered are not comprehensive, so it was the lack of scientific data and persuasion.
4 Summary
In this paper, the evaluation methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, each method has a certain scope of application, so we should pay attention to its practical application in the selection. At the same time, the traffic safety should be evaluated from three levels, which are accident prone points, different routes and different regions.
Reference
[1] Dai Yan Hua, Guo Zhongyin, Kong Lingqi,. Study on traffic safety evaluation of urban road construction [J]. traffic information and safety, 2009,04:92~96.
[2] Jiang Mingfang. Analysis and evaluation of traffic safety of urban road construction in Lhasa [J]. Journal of University of Tibet (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION), 2013,02:124~127.
[3] Li Qiang. Study on traffic safety evaluation of urban road construction [J]. Heilongjiang traffic science and technology, 2013,07:192+194.
[4] Jia Lifang. Traffic safety analysis of urban road construction [J]. Shanxi architecture, 2015,34:158~159.