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"The image of Huang Di in" historical records show

时间:2015-11-01 来源:未知 编辑:梦想论文 阅读:

Huang Di, the surname Gongsun Ji, longer than water, due to that name; in Xuanyuan hill, due to that name, and that the no.. Its birthplace, a variety of claims, according to the literature, folklore and modern comprehensive research, the more people that the Yellow Emperor was born in Tianshui Qingshui county. In this view, the Huang Di clan from the Weihe River Basin, and then continue to migrate to the East and the Yellow River, and eventually become the leader of a tribal alliance in ancient the Yellow River basin.

 

Sima Qian's historical contribution is many, one of them is he for the first time systematically finishing the before the unity of Qin Dynasty and the ancient legend of history, the disorderly, the fault residual Jane of pre Qin information and clue, so that the Chinese pre Qin history of the framework from the stereotypes. Huangdi as the first Denebola, Sima Qian "Shang Shu", "Mandarin", "Zuo Zhuan" and the wear of the book of rites in "emperor", "five emperors of Germany" and other literature, the reference to yourself for the interview, "a is a biography of the book's first", so that the Yellow Emperor this image eventually become the Chinese nation culture symbol, on the development of Chinese civilization produced a significant impact.

 

This can also be seen in the history of the Chinese civilization in the history of the special role played by the foundation.

 

A color image, with the heroic ancestor

 

"Historical records Wudi" in Huang Di, is a miraculous color hero. Huang Di was born, that is different from the ordinary people:

 

"Born and the gods, the weak and the word. Young and give Qi, long, sensitive, and clever." [1]1 Pei Yin solutions: "can not cover words and words of Huang Di, also so mysterious." The Yellow Emperor [1]1 know Yin Yang five elements and divination things, the so-called "world Ji Shun, Youming (" [1]1. Yellow Emperor's military action and miraculous color. "Yan Ling to invade the princes, dukes to Xuanyuan xian. Xuan Yuan is Xiude vibration soldiers, five "[1]1. governance

 

So-called "rule of five", Pei Yin solution set for: "five lines of the gas [1]1. Yellow Emperor actually can driven bear, brown bear and other animals in combat," teach xiongpi brave tiger, and Yandi war in Banquan wild "[1]1, for the war added magical color. Xuanyuan "Fu peoples, of" Quartet ". While the feudal Chatham Xuanyuan respect for the emperor, he is Huang Di," [1]1.

 

The Jideleishan world benevolent spirit. WuDiBenJi also said that the Yellow Emperor had won when Baoding [1]1. bronze tripod in the Shang and Zhou, described here aims to emphasize the symbolic significance of the Theocracy of the Yellow Emperor Ding. The Yellow Emperor has also developed calendar, "Ying day push policy, observing astronomical phenomena, and projections, even to the sun held a voodoo ritual.

 

These are some miraculous color.

 

The miraculous color in the literature, we can not simply deny all. In fact, "authenticity" is not exactly Wudi in the details, but in its history. Imagine, then the tribe or ethnic group, it must be the most wise and farsighted candidate made out of their leader, and these leaders have wizard incantation capable of counting and rain for infra-red, reason they enjoy the power is from people completely believe they have influence and even dominate the magic of nature.

 
"Historical records" book is "Wudi". "Wudi" shaping the first unified national Huang Di tribe, early human ancestor image. "Historical records" written by Three Emperors and Five Sovereigns, with Huang Di as the most venerable.

 

Written by the nations around the nation, family, biographies, are the descendants of Huang Di trace to its source. Since then, the "descendants of the Yellow Emperor" has become a divine concept, with infinite appeal and cohesion. Chinese nation were recognized a common ancestor, mutual identification of consanguinity, region and the same, the same culture, the notion of national unification, for thousands of years inspired countless people with lofty ideals for the Chinese nation's survival and progress and struggle. It can be said, from the perspective of the history of Sima Qian Chinese are all the children of the Yellow Emperor argument, this contribution is unmatched.

 

Two, to achieve and maintain the "unity" of the politicians image

 

WuDiBenJi: "Xuanyuan, Shennong Shi failure, princes phase invasion cutting, oppressive people, and Shennong Eph can sign," Chiyou most violent, cutting "," Yan want to humiliate the princes ", so" Xuanyuan but conventional hostility, to levy did not enjoy ", after the battle of Zhuolu and battle of banquan beat opponent Yan Di and Chi you," feudal Chatham Xuanyuan respect for the emperor, Shennong is for the Yellow Emperor "[1]1, and ultimately achieve the" unified ".

 

Huangdi war against "feudal" does not to annex for the purpose of but in order to ensure the princes to the world the main subject. "The world is not the one, Huang Di's syndrome. Light ". Although the use of force, but the spearhead just point to tyrannical princes and and for CO dominant Chiyou and Yandi. Finally, "feudal Chatham Xuanyuan respect for the emperor, the emperor. He" apparently "unified" image.

 

In order to strengthen unity, the Yellow Emperor is the "Phi Hill channel, and withheldest Ning Ju" [1]1, Phi mountain forest vegetation to channel, strengthen the contact between the country and patrol keep around: East to the sea, Gordon Maruyama and Dai. As for the air Xi Tong, a board. South of the river, the bear, xiang. North by Busan meat porridge, conformity, and the Arab Israeli town in Zhuolu [1]1.

 

The Yellow Emperor patrol the guardian of the world's record, is actually a combination of three generations of the ancient and the Qin and Han Dynasties period of historical facts and, including Confucian ideal political component addition. Chinese nation after the summer, business, and thoughtful Qin, Han has been basically formed, and completed a unified. In this historical process, after Kong Zi, Dong Zhongshu, and then to Sima Qian for the first time to do a complete description. Under the pen of Sima Qian, only the Yellow Emperor to the unification of the Qin and Han Wudi, is the direction of the development history, is the emperor of German industry.

 

Casting of Sima Qian in "historical records" in the narrative in rich historical and cultural connotation, on the later influence greatly, one of them is the unification of historical view. China's ancient legend of the so-called "Five Emperors" that Huangdi, Zhuanxu, Diku, Tangyao and Yushun, in WuDiBenJi in Sima Qian to the latter are said to is the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and give them one by one to discharge the world order. In the "summer of the century" said: Yu, Huang Di's son and grandson also like Xia Zhuan, a descendant of Huang Di; in "Yin Ji" he added: Yin deed into soup and ancestors, and Ku Yin deed Princess of the Shang Dynasty, which is also a descendant of Huang Di in "this week"; he probably adopted the "book of songs" people say that, Zhou Wenwang ancestors Houji, and the Ku yuan Fei Hou Ji is born, it is also a descendant of Huang Di Ji Zhou; in "Qin Ji" he said, "Qin Zhixian, a branch of" emperor Zhuan Xu [1]26; in "Chu family" said, "Chu ancestors from the emperor Zhuanxu" [1]527; "in the family" Goujian said, "Goujian, the first branch of Yu, and the summer after the bastard emperor Shaokang" [1]542, and so on. Sima Qian even in the "Huns" said: "the first, after Zuxia's branch, Yue Shun dimension." [1]872 in the "East biography" said:

 

"Without the king of Minyue Wang and Dongyue shook, after it is also goujian." This conclusion is: [1]902, the Huns, East, Huang Di is also the son of Fujian. Visible, in the view of Sima Qian, who is the people, their lineage mostly can be traced back to Huang Di. This argument, its scientific nature will not be strong. However, this shows that Sima Qian's view of the progress of the nation, that is, the territory of the people of all ethnic groups are Huang Di, the brothers and sisters of a family. Compared to this, and the book of songs "Rong Di is pseudo, Jing is pretty punishment", "Zuo Zhuan" "zunwangrangyi", the Gongyang biography "within the outer barbarians", namely the realm of visible Sima Qian high! Is a local center, is a cosmopolitan family, neither inferior nor arrogant, equal each other. The idea of equality and integration is conducive to the unity and stability of the multi - nation state.

 
In twentieth Century, the archaeological achievements of the Chinese culture and the important fact that the multivariate. However, after the occurrence of multiple, there is also a one yuan breakthrough, attributed to the process of integration. Then this one yuan breakthrough in the Central Plains of the Yellow River why? Through the interpretation of "the legend", maybe you can get some answers.

 

Three, "when sowing 100 Valley" "Chunhua and" agricultural pioneer image

 

The war is not Huang Di's rule of law, after the brutal war, must immediately turn to the construction of peaceful life. "Historical records" records, the Yellow Emperor after the conquest of others, not to the domineering, but painstaking effort to achieve a peaceful political: one is the religious activities, Sima Qian said, "ghost mountains Fengshan" is offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods of heaven and earth; the second is "when sowing 100 Valley vegetation, Chunhua birds and beasts moth" [1]1, namely to develop agriculture and animal husbandry production.

 

"Historical records" in the Yellow Emperor is development of agriculture and promote the model of ancient agricultural science and technology development, the so-called "art five. Sima Zhen Suo Yin:" art. Also, the tree. Five kinds of grain also." The millet, millet, beans, wheat, rice. Sima Qian affirmed Huang Di's contribution to agriculture. "Da Dai Li Ji De" Five Emperors also remember this paragraph:

 

"Rule of five, five volume set, the Fu to the nations, the Quartet," [2]1 and "historical records" is for "treatment of Wuqi, five kinds of art, Fu to the nations, the tetragonality [1]1. will" set five volume "changed to" art five ", Sima Qian to emphasize more on the Yellow Emperor to agricultural development.

 

The development of agriculture, the knowledge of the calendar. Literature, observation of celestial phenomena make calendar, earlier phenological calendar, then fire (MARS) calendar, then the solar calendar appears. WuDiBenJi said the Yellow Emperor "Ying day push strategy", "Shun Ji of the heaven and the earth and the nether world accounted for" and "when sowing 100 Valley vegetation", "beside the Luo sun, moon and stars" [1]1. of these records always note explain a, that means roughly, Yellow Emperor yarrow calculate enumerate, predict the future of gas, Shun 4 should be a hundred Valley vegetation and cloth, and the sun and the moon and stars and other astronomical observations. It reflects the historical facts of the scientific progress of the calendar in ancient times of our country.

 

"Wudi" also includes Huang Di "Chunhua birds moth" [1]1 development of aquaculture deeds. The so-called "Chunhua bird moth", refers to a variety of "domesticated birds and insects, namely the development of livestock breeding moth". "Huang Di to marry the daughter of Xiling, is as leizu. Huang Di is "Princess Leizu Luobi" [1]1. road "History (Huang Di) said," Xiling's yuan Fei Yue zu...... The beginning of silkworm, is also the first worship "[3]25 -26, the progenitor of silkworm leizu. Visible Huang Di and reeling sericulture technology invention.

 

China is one of the birthplace of the cultivation of agriculture. In the Neolithic period, the agricultural civilization in the climate, soil fertility in the lower reaches of the the Yellow River river began to form. Farming is closely linked to the rise and fall of the tribe. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, it has become the center of politics, economy and culture in ancient China. "Historical records" praise of Chinese ancestor Huangdi "when sowing 100 Valley vegetation, Chunhua, birds and insects moth", "Lao Qin heart and eyes and ears," Tu de Rui "[1]1, in moral and aesthetic consciousness play brand of agricultural civilization. Sima Qian established Huang Di's agricultural image. Chinese ancient history books in the first ancient "Youdao Dijun" style, is diligent in agriculture with a gentleman. Later in the "country" as the national symbol, shows that the Chinese agriculture oriented cultural awareness.

Four, to create a national order of the system designer image

 

Huang Di as the "First Emperor Wudi", the first event is the war of chi. However, after the brutal war, we must turn to the construction of peaceful politics. This peaceful political, religious activities, namely large-scale worship heaven and earth spirits, held the Fengshan ceremony, so-called "ghosts mountains Fengshan" to religious witchcraft activities through the confirmation and consolidate the political power of the world leader for.

 

In such a vast area of China, it is necessary to make the crowd gather, which need to be built on the basis of civilization. In worship the gods at the same time, the detection time, a calendar, guide the production, and gradually formed a farming civilization. In religious activities, to comply with certain rules, and to observe certain rules, hierarchy order and organization management are important, which gradually establish a system of civilization. Therefore, the ancient religious activities have their irreplaceable significance.

 

Huang Di has a pioneering work in the construction of the system. "Wudi" contains: "(Huang Di) who are cloud life, cloud division." [1]1 this passage also appeared in "Zuo Zhuan" in. "Annals of Zuo, Zhao Gong seventeen years" record, and Zhao the conversation, which said ancient imperial chronicle and officers: "Xizhe Huangdi's cloud Ji, so division cloud and cloud; Yan's to fire discipline, so fire division and name fire; Gong Gong clan to water Ji, so the Navy and water; too Hao's in dragon age, so division dragon and dragon's name." [4]1511 -1512 ancient religious concept of thought, the emperor ordered all images as a symptom, the so-called "three generations of the Xing, each according to Jen" [1]969, said is such events. Is actually the myth of tribal totem brought application in the history of the kingdom of political institutions, transformed into a series of Guanming, to conform to the will of heaven.

 

In order to strengthen the management of princes, maintain the unity, the Yellow Emperor "virtue vibration soldiers", unified the world, also set up a special official guide and supervise local princes is set to "about a big prison, in prison at the des Nations". "After the lift, animal husbandry force, Chang Xian, hung to rule the people" world of the Yellow Emperor [1]1., tribal each attack the war, backward production, post-stroke et al as the Yellow Emperor's assistant, assist the Yellow Emperor in governing the country. Then system reforms, although still cannot be a system, but after the Zhuanxu Diku, Emperor Yao one after another, when Shun, etiquette system finally established the, various enterprises are founded. Sima Qian said, "the world Mingde is from Shun". This sentence is "Wudi" theme. History has undergone continuous development from Huang Di to shun, state scale. WuDiBenJi clearly expressed the view of the history of Sima Qian Dynasty change, system establishment, the civil administration and other aspects of evolutionary theory, as the first article, for the "historical records" book is an example.

 

"History" "the enlightenment" is Sima Qian to write the history of the fundamental purpose, he put its own rule of various views and peace to the world through the "historical records". "Historical records" in the Yellow Emperor Wudi of the "record", specific characters research, mostly hard proof.

 

It is not difficult to see that the Sima Qian Huang Di, in fact, is a cultural symbol, is the Chinese early civilization, a number of political practice and the focus of political ideals. These early achievements, such as political model, economic model, religious mode, and so on, in the image of Sima Qian created by Huang Di to strengthen, and in the continuous narrative process of the continuous development of a cultural tradition, the development of the Chinese civilization has a significant impact on the millennium.

 

[References]

 

[1] Sima Qian. Historian [M]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Ancient Books Press, 2000

 

[2] Wang Pinzhen. Dadailiji interpretation [M]. Beijing: China Publishing House, 1983

 

[3] lo. After five, Ji Lu Shi Huangdi Ji [M]. Taipei: the Commercial Press (photocopy), 1986

 

[4] Li Xueqin. The thirteen classics [M]. Beijing: Peking University press, 1999

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