High risk infants was that has occurred or may occur in critical condition and need close observation of childbirth neonatal [1]. Although it is a normal physiological phenomenon, but also a strong psychological stress process. Chen Xiaorong [2], high-risk infants mother group health problems of positive detection rate was 40.1%, significantly higher than the normal group mothers (24.8%). In clinical work, when the high-risk infants into the new Department of Pediatrics, health care workers tend to focus in on the treatment of children, while ignoring their mental and psychological problems. When families of negative psychology is not timely guidance, vent and adjustment. It not only seriously affects the their physical and mental health, and in a certain extent of high risk infants medical decision making, treatment and prognosis of the disease produces adverse effects. To deal with individual to stress cognitive appraisal and evaluation for balance measures taken by their own state of mind, good coping style can change the individual's subjective understanding, improve the individual processing capacity and improve emotion to action. This study aims to understand the ways of coping in high-risk infants and their mothers, to explore the corresponding intervention strategies, improve the response capability, improve the bad psychological condition, improve their quality of life.
1 data and methods.
1.1 clinical data.
53 cases of high-risk infants in our hospital from to 2014 were selected. Inclusion criteria: 1. Neonatal belongs to high-risk infants need into the new Department of Pediatrics treatment; II high-risk infants and their mothers can independently and cooperate with the investigation; non mental disease and other chronic diseases. Old age 21~32, an average of 26.8 years; career: 32 cases were farmers, freelance in 8 cases, cadres in 6 cases, teachers and individuals in 2 cases, civil servants and staff, nurses in 1 case. Education: high school and the following 30 cases, technical secondary school and above 23 cases.
High risk infants: 31 cases of male, 22 female, underlying diseases: 16 cases of premature infants, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in 15 cases, 12 cases of neonatal asphyxia, 6 cases of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in 3 cases, 1 cases of neonatal pneumonia.
1.2 method.
1.2.1 survey tools and methods.
Simplified Coping style by using self rating scale (5), the table is composed of positive and negative coping style in two dimensions (subscales), a total of 20 entries. 1~12 is a positive coping dimension, 13~20 is a negative coping dimension. The multilevel method, each coping style column does not use, occasionally, sometimes use, often using four, corresponding to score as 0, 1, 2, 3. The scale of the test-retest correlation coefficient of 0.89, alpha coefficient was 0.90 and positive coping subscales of the alpha coefficient was 0.89, negative coping subscales of the alpha coefficient 0.78[5]. before the survey to the object being investigated explanatory purpose, guide to fill in method, to obtain the consent of the patients after, take anonymous way to fill in. Issued a total of 53 copies, 53 copies recovered, the effective questionnaire 100%.
1.2.2 statistical methods using PEMs 3.1 and the data were analyzed statistically, the measurement data using t test. Results (Yan x + s), P < 0.05 for differences have statistical significance.
2 results.
High risk infants mother and the mold (5) positive and negative coping style is shown in Table 1. Actively respond to the average scores the lowest of three: try to restrain their disappointment, remorse, sadness and anger (0.61 + 0.14), and people talk, talk heart troubles (0.74 + 0.35), to the relatives, friends and classmates for advice (0.81 + 0.51). The average score of negative coping dimension is from high to low, the first three items are:
Accept the reality, because there is no other way (2.31 + 0.55) points, their own comfort (2.28 + 0.12), rely on others to solve the problem (2.15 + 0.68).
From table 1 can be seen in high-risk infants and their mothers positive and negative coping dimension average score and the national norm. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
3 discussion.
Coping style is one of the means to deal with the environment and keep the psychological balance during the stress period. Coping style has a direct impact on the mental health and personality of coping style and mental health have a direct impact, and personality can indirectly affect [6]. maternal separation of primipara in somatization, anxiety and depression of individual psychological health through coping style, mental health status was significantly lower than that of rooming in primipara, negative coping the impact of their psychological health level is an important factor of [7]. in neonatal intensive care units of 31.2% children with parents anxiety, 54.7% parents have depression, parents of high-risk infants associated with anxiety, depression and other mental disorders are on the rise, in turn high risk infants parents anxiety and depression on the development of children had a negative impact on the results of the survey [8]. the mother showed that high-risk infants actively respond to the average scores lower than the national norm, negative coping dimension flat The average score is higher than the national norm. The average score of positive coping dimensions minimum before three: try to restrain their disappointment, remorse, sadness and anger, and talk, talk heart troubles, relatives, friends and classmates to seek advice (0.81 + 0.51). The average score of negative coping dimensions from high to low in the top three, respectively: to accept the reality, because there is no other way, comfort oneself, rely on others to solve the problem. Thus, the risk of adverse events in children's mother, mainly to take a negative coping style. May be related to the following factors: and before the birth of expectation value does not match, resulting in sadness, disappointment, regret and other psychological; II maternal separation, can not personally take care of their children, loss and helplessness; (3) of high risk infants disease do not know, worry about the outcome, anxiety, depression, fear and other negative emotions. The characteristics of negative coping is avoided and the vent, although not all negative coping styles will have negative consequences, or positive coping styles will have positive consequences for [9], but positive coping style can make a person's psychological balance, from harm, it is helpful to solve the stress events, promote the individual the psychological mature [10]. therefore, during hospitalization of high risk infants, medical personnel should timely understand the coping style, mothers of high-risk infants. The psychological problems, and the implementation of the corresponding nursing measures, help them adjust the adverse negative emotion, a positive and optimistic attitude to deal with adverse life events, in order to promote their physical and mental health, improve their quality of life.
Reference
[1] Cui Yan. Pediatric nursing [M]. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2012:148.
[2] Chen Xiaorong, Gao Yongjia, Luo Chengyan, et al. Journal of parents of high-risk infants health status and related factors of [J]. medical research, 2013,42 (4): 103-107.
[3] Bi ying. Psychological intervention on the family members of ICU patients psychological status and coping style [J]. The Chinese Journal of practical nursing, 2012,28 (19) is: 89-90.