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Meng Zi's thought has rich ethical and political background, which is the combination of politics and ethics. Politics and ethics in the social life in a more independent of the two categories, more political attention in the economy based on public rights, such as the development of construction, and ethical concerns about moral origin, development and individual norms of behavior problems, political and ethical although independence. But it is interacting with each other and with Mencius as the representative of the Confucian pays attention to ethics runs through in the whole process, the formation of the ethical and political culture. Social development to today, in the process of accelerating the construction of a well-off society in the process of promoting the rule of law based on the rule of law, for the construction of political and moral values to achieve moral.
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Mencius political ethics thought of the era background and the transmission of Confucian teachings, unrest in the spring and Autumn period calls for a new social order and contention of a hundred schools of thought of the needs of the times. Turbulence in the spring and Autumn period and the new social order. Mencius lived in the political upheavals of the spring and Autumn period, the overall historical and cultural transformation period, this period of moral decline, the economy is depressed, the broad masses of the people live in misery. At the same time, we should also see, in the spring and Autumn period is the era of a hundred schools of thought. People in the depths of the great unrest in the order is full of desire, which reflects the nature of human beings. Society as the essence of human being, only in the society to achieve existence and development, so the relationship between society and individual, group and individual to become the people's basic contradiction, and the relationship between the monarch and his subjects become measure of existing in the world of "Tao". Confucius because of suffering at the time, the creation of the "spring and Autumn", in the hope that the rites of the Zhou Dynasty of the social order, restore the by name the method to restore the monarch and his subjects, between father and son of politics, morality and social order, but society is still in the disordered state of chaos. The society is calling for new social rank order II.
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To the era of contention of a hundred schools of thought. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States era is the era of a hundred schools of thought, at the same time, all the nobility of the country also actively seek survival and development, which for the intellectual provides a handy, to pursue order and social stability, so that the formation of ideological pluralism, the different pacify the world policy, Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism, yin and Yang, Mohist are different levels to explore political ideals, and Mencius advocated the theory of original goodness of human nature, expounds the benevolent governance philosophy, and that the multiplier effect, from destiny gradually to the inner condensation, in ethics, emphasizing individual consciousness of the tendency of difference. Therefore, environment of contention of a hundred schools of thought, Mencius proposed political ethics provides a relaxed environment for speech, more from the future of the social development trend and to explore human development and social harmony and stability.
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Inherits and develops Confucius's theory. Confucius put forward "Kejifuli", "for the country to" thinking to achieve social stability and development, and to construct a reasonable order, but these are the general requirements, to solve the fundamental problem has little effect. Mencius as the inheritor of Confucian thought is from the inside to explore social order to obtain ordered the foundation, put forward the "theory of original goodness of human nature", from the human nature began from inward foreign interpretation of his political ethics thought is to restore social and political order, with the system of the theory of "benevolent government", which is the further development of Confucianism, and created a new situation of Confucianism, Confucian thought better to promote the social development (3).
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On the essence of Meng Zi's political ethics thought. The Mencius,, stressed that "people are expensive, the second state, the king of light", a comprehensive exposition of the people based thought - "benevolence". One is "the people for expensive" and "the king of light" of the traditional concept of "gentleman", "people" of the re positioning, denied the regality supreme status, among the people can give birth to a promote the enormous power of the social development 4. The principal contradiction between the monarch and the people from the monarch to the people. Mencius not only emphasize the obedience of public opinion, people would like, and emphasize the public, to the public for this, which in itself is a political opinion, weaken the throne at the same time, also highlighted the status and role of the people. Mencius people-oriented thought includes not only people's feelings and also shows the Mencius advocated plead for the consciousness, see the people is the foundation of the country and the king folk carry out in-depth exploration, re positioning.
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Kingcraft. The monarch is the Mencius principle and value orientation of virtue as a way of governing the country. Through the "benevolence" to realize political is the pursuit of life. Simultaneously, Mencius also outline the ideal society, in this society, rulers adopted a public distribution, which is the land allocated to each, people can realize farming in their own land; because the masses by the monarch is system, organization of the enlightenment, the establishment of the order between father and son, Jun Chen, husband and wife, seniority and friends, this is the political corruption of society, ruling with virtue and morality, both do enabled, but also with the public and worry free, full of social public good atmosphere. Furthermore, in addition to raising the people's living standards, the loneliness and other special groups be taken care of. Mencius benevolent politics is political Qingming, people without fear of hunger and cold and keep the cardinal norms, social atmosphere harmonious society fifth.
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Benevolent policy. Build a stable economic base. Mencius emphasized the benevolence is extended to the realm of politics, display a benevolent government to do is to explore the people's material life in the first place, land, house and land distribution to the public, so that people can have stable material life security. Two is to follow the laws of nature. While focusing on economic development, Meng Zi also actively concerned about the production of the masses of the people. Mencius has been recognized importance of coordination between man and nature for the development of agricultural production, and as a ruler, but also according to the season to correctly guide people to carry out agricultural activities, respect the laws of nature, to ensure that the natural resources to achieve recycling utilization, so as to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture. Three is to build a harmonious tax system. Mencius emphasizes the use of only single tax, levy a tax, to do the rational use of reduced corvee and taxes. Four is to protect the business. Mencius advocated benevolent also actively develop business, in the mark, the market for inspection, but not be taxed, make sure that the business of the smooth development.
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Pay attention to the practice of moral education. Mencius attaches great importance to moral education, stressed through the establishment of schools so that people do "Ming Lun", do "filial respect long", through education let people learn Confucianism, the ethics promotion to political life. From here that Mencius advocated "benevolence" pay attention to moral education, emphasize theocratic and political education is not only related to personal accomplishment, also can effectively alleviate social contradictions, construct the harmonious relations between the political ethics.
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Construction of the scientific system and the judicial system. First of all, Mencius emphasize those in the aspect of system. People emphasize the sage politics, this is related to the state of life and death, to make the virtuous people are respected and reuse, so that all the bits, so that the world of sage are willing to serve the monarch, make a country powerful and prosperous. On the contrary, will make a weak state. Therefore, Mencius stressed that eclectic talent. In the process of using the talents, to be courteous and give its position and salary. Secondly, in the judicial system, focus on the penalty of the judicial system. Against the harsh criminal law, the penalty is only used in the criminals themselves, can not be implicated in other relatives.
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Pay attention to the cultivation of introspection. Mencius believed that because people are human, social and economic conditions of the external factors such as constraints, the moral behavior changes. Therefore, it is necessary to allow individuals to learn to conduct oneself through a series of methods to sanctify that self-cultivation to self-cultivation, the expansion of a all the good side, and the powers of the mind, resist the outside material temptation,. Furthermore, Mencius also stressed by the methods of cultivation, think Weirenchushi will inevitably make mistakes, the gentleman by way of self to find fault, so as to go are the pros and cons, do "make it new,". At the same time, by the "Shendu" self-cultivation is in without the presence of foreigners, by social moral requirements to continue to restrain individual behavior to play the subjective initiative, so perfect personality and social secular life organic combination together.
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Mencius political ethics enlightenment thought for the people and governing for the people. Meng Zi's political ethics thought is to take the people as the center to be considered, is to meet the aspirations of the masses of the people and the requirements as a primary task. The spirit of the idea, plead for the people of this fraternity mass show concern for people's livelihood, which in the current is still showing strong vitality. Nowadays the "three rural issues" is the realistic problem in front of people. Therefore, the state introduced to support farmers of a number of policies, such as 2015 countries to further deepen rural reform, vigorously develop modern agriculture, promote the farmers income, take the grain direct subsidy policy, the general subsidies for agricultural investment policy, seed subsidies, farm machinery purchase subsidy policy, wheat, rice the minimum purchase price policy, the introduction of these policies is to continue to reduce the burden on farmers, to actively support the development of agriculture, increase the income of the farmers, full respect of the peasant masses autonomy, ensure the smooth implementation of the farmer autonomy. Mencius Tan Renyi, pay close attention to the king, in fact is the ruler as a starting point, and as the direction of the node, become people's political, by the interests of the masses of the people to measure the pros and cons of political measures, and put the Confucian ritual in the lives of the people, as the people's life, the ritual has. It shows that the Mencius advocated the thoughts of the people will not only the interests of the masses of the people in an important position, also effective control the development of the autocratic monarchy, the monarchical power politics and modified will play a important role in the.
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Vigorously promoting the construction of a socialist well-off society in the present today, on the correct understanding of the nature of society, not only based on the Mencius' s thought of the essence of the content, also abandoned the feudal monarchy and harmful ingredients, governing for the people to promote the idea. Wholeheartedly serve the people is the fundamental purpose of the party, ruling for the people is a test of the party ruling activities of the highest standards, to put the interests of the broad masses of the people in the first place, with the broad masses of the people together share a common fate, relying on the broad masses of the people to promote the history of the progress. As the ruling party, the Communist Party of China, and always will be the interests of the masses of the people as all activities of the starting point and the home to return to, fully aware of the masses are the creator of history and promote the power of social progress, pay attention to the idea of governing for the people to fully implement the social practice.
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Benevolent politics and virtue, rule of law. Mencius the benevolent idea of revelation, stressed that under the background of rule of law requires ethics as important auxiliary measures. Our country is in the social transition period at present, and constantly strengthen the socialist moral construction, will help to promote social progress. Mencius stressed that "the king is a national", is to the virtuous people to rule the country, which on strengthening morality of leading cadres at present has important practical significance. Especially under the background of globalization, some officials began by hedonism, egoism, erosion, and gradually decay. This requires the party to strengthen the selection of leading cadres, to be regarded as an important criterion for the first. Party members and cadres to Shendu used to strict demands on themselves, self-regulation, abstinence, self-cultivation, moral practice for political activities in, continue to strengthen their own moral construction.
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In the development of critical inheritance of Mencius's thought of rule of virtue, need to fully assess the moral role, current vigorously advocate the rule of virtue, virtue is applied to "official moral" culture, through the strengthening of Ideological and moral construction of leading cadres, the in of public morality and private morality can make rate table, so in the concept of governing for the people to fulfill the, play a greater role. Leading cadres individual officer will be related to the construction of the party's style of work. Therefore, our party emphasizes self-cultivation, strengthen moral construction, as the focus of its moral construction. The lack of "official morality" will corrupt the social atmosphere and have some negative consequences. In recent years, we strengthen of clean government and anti-corruption work, will greatly improve the party atmosphere, to eradicate the cancer of corruption, provide a powerful guarantee for the construction of the political. At the same time, Mencius philosophy of "rule of virtue" exist across the history of some of the positive factors, but there are also backward, such as Mencius "the kingly way politics" can't get the implementation of focusing too much on moral strength, will achieve benevolent pinned on the monarch's personal and Ti Gaojun main individual moral, achieve political pure brightness, as a basis to carry out the political order, political governance are attributed to spread a moral virtue, this from a certain extent speaking, belonging to the dream. Therefore, in the governance of the state and society overall, our party fully aware of the value of combination of the rule of law and rule of virtue, clearly put forward to the rule of law with the rule of virtue are fully integrated, which is to summarize the experience of CUG, made under the new situation at home and abroad.
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The relationship between righteousness and benefit view. Mencius reflects the relationship between righteousness and interest in "benevolent politics" in the political ideal of benevolence. In the specific measures of governance, Mencius proposed the relationship between righteousness and interest, he himself did not approve of simply to profit as the goal of the political, relying on "righteousness" to realize the kingly. At the same time, on the relationship between righteousness and benefit also show people's behavior standard of value, through the inner harbor "benevolence", on this basis to serve the sovereign, father and brother, can be called is righteousness. Actually, Mencius also did not completely negate the benefits, emphasizing the first after righteousness, justice system and and the content of the policy of benevolence is the benefit, of civil and immovable property and other economic measures is around people profit to carry out, it is not against the monarch for material benefits, as long as can do and people fun of the premise, you can. Righteousness does not exist alone, but the purpose of justice is not just for profit. Mencius on the relationship between justice and benefit analysis is beneficial in helping people form correct outlook on righteousness and benefit, exist in the current social mercenary, individualism and behavior, making the relationship between righteousness and benefit once again become the focus of people's attention, inquires about the balance between justice and benefit, the relationship between scientific disposal of moral and utilitarian, do both justice and benefit, the meaning of the word at the head is the primary task. In vigorously promoting the socialist modernization process, not only to establish the moral status, but also concern the majority of people in the community of the vital interests of the unified socialist justice view, science to solve life problems, there will be to construct good social ethics relation.
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Moral education and spiritual civilization construction. Mencius stressed that the implementation is conducive to stable economic base, some of the policies, such as the people HLP, enable people to ". At the same time, but also pay attention to the strengthening of the broad masses of the people's moral education to meet the actual needs of people's spiritual life. It is to strengthen the construction of material civilization at the same time, but also to do a good job in the construction of spiritual civilization. Complement each other, together with the development of the dialectical relationship between material civilization and spiritual civilization, spiritual civilization development need economic security for the material civilization, satisfied in people's life, people will produce moral demands; on the other hand, the spiritual civilization development of also can provide spiritual impetus and intellectual support to promote the development of material civilization, economic development is inseparable from the promotion of spiritual civilization and promote, the construction of spiritual civilization can not only promote science and technology into productivity, but also can provide good social conditions for the construction of material civilization. No good economic base can not achieve progress, but if only pay attention to economic growth rate, do not pay attention to the construction of spiritual civilization, it can not promote the coordinated development of social. At present, we are in a critical period of building a socialist well-off society in an all-round way, important is to do to achieve the harmonious development of material civilization and spiritual civilization, which requires in reference on the basis of the previous research, can achieve keeps pace with the times, not at the expense of the spiritual civilization in exchange for the cost of economic growth in the short term, which designate the road to the future social development.
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