论文关键词：中小学 语文 衔接 教学 策略
Keywords: Chinese teaching strategy in primary and secondary schools
小学语文教学中，教师大多是以字、词为教学重点，而在初中教学中，教师则倾向于培养学生自主学习的能力。根据中小学生在学习方法、学习重点上的不同，要实现语文教学的衔接工作，初中教师就要尽可能地借鉴与学习小学教师通过唱歌、游戏、模仿等激发学生学习兴趣的方法，改善自身的教学策略，引导和帮助学生主动、积极参与到学习活动中，从而提高他们的语文素养。那么，在初中教学中，教师该如何实现中小学语文的衔接教学呢？
Primary school language teaching, teachers are mostly in words, words for the teaching point, but in the junior middle school teaching, teachers tend to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability. According to the primary and middle school students in the learning process, learning focuses on the different, to realize the connection of Chinese teaching of junior middle school teachers, should as far as possible from the primary school teachers and learning through singing, games, imitate to stimulate students' interest in learning, improve teaching methods, to guide and help the students to participate actively in the learning activities,, to improve their language literacy. So, in the teaching of junior middle school, the teachers how to achieve convergence of Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools?
一、要注重学生学习兴趣的衔接
A connection, should pay attention to the students' interest in learning
小学语文多是以提高学生识字、朗读等基础能力为主的课程。初中生与小学生相比，对语文学习的兴趣有延续也有分化，教学中要抓住学生的兴趣点，着力实现中小学生在学习兴趣上的衔接。例如：初一学生喜欢听故事，教师可以利用这一点让学生在故事中学习语文知识，如在教学《紫藤萝瀑布》时，教师用生动、形象的语言描述紫藤萝花的特点，在激发学生兴趣的同时，唤醒学生儿时的记忆，启发他们以深入的“眼光”看待紫藤萝、认识紫藤萝，引导他们用心领悟藤萝花的生命力，以及分析紫藤萝与社会之间的关联；从学生的兴趣入手，启发和培养他们的情趣与想象能力，从而加深他们对课文的理解，进一步调动他们学习语文的积极性。
Primary school Chinese is to improve the students' reading literacy, basic ability based curriculum. Compared with primary school students of junior high school students, to the language study interest is continues the differentiation, teaching students to grasp the point of interest, to realize the connection between primary and secondary students in the learning interest. For example: junior high school students like to listen to the story, teachers can use this point to allow students to learn language knowledge in the story, such as in the teaching of "purple wisteria waterfall", the teacher with vivid image, the language to describe the characteristics of purple wisteria flowers, to stimulate the students' interest, arouse students childhood memories, inspire them to further the "eye" look at the purple wisteria, understanding the purple wisteria, guide them to comprehend attentively Wisteria flower vitality, and analyze the relationship between the purple wisteria and society; starting from the interest of the students, inspire and cultivate their taste and imagination, so as to deepen their understanding of the text, and further arouse their enthusiasm in learning chinese.
二、要注重学生学习习惯的衔接
Two, attention should be paid to the transition of students' learning habits
小学语文教学中，教师一般开始训练学生写字和完成作业的好习惯，因此，在初中教学中，教师要根据知识难度的增加，有目的、有计划地强化学生的学习习惯，做好学习语文习惯的衔接工作。初中语文字、词的增多，文言文难度的增加，给学生带来极大的困惑，教师要引导学生养成良好的学习习惯。例如：教师可以引导学生进行有效预习，让他们把不会的生字、生词摘抄下来，找出中心句，并进行简单的分析与概括，要求他们按词、词组、段落等进行分类预习；用查字典的方法解决生字、生词的疑难问题，对解决不了的问题，可以向其他同学或教师请教。教师结合学生在小学阶段的学习习惯，提高他们学习语文的能力，使学生完成从小学到初中学习习惯的过渡与衔接。
The convergence of three, we should pay attention to the teaching method
初中教师要延续小学老师常用的情景教学模式，根据初中新生在语文学习上的掌握程度，实行分层次地教学，选择一些活泼有趣、学生乐于接受的语言材料，灵活调整课堂教学内容以及学习进度，引导学生运用所学知识进行课堂交流互动。如在教学《皇帝的新装》时，教师可以引导学生发挥自己的想象力，进行情景表演，模拟皇帝穿着新装游街的情景，让学生分角色表演，增添教学氛围。教师还可以在学生表演过程中进行鼓励，缓解他们在课堂上的紧张情绪，让他们慢慢融入到初中课堂的教学氛围中来，以行之有效的教学衔接策略，激发他们学习语文的兴趣，提高学生学习的效率。
Junior high school teachers to primary school teacher common situational teaching pattern continues, according to the new junior high school in Chinese master degree study, implementation of hierarchical teaching, choose some lively and interesting, willing to accept students of language materials, flexible adjustment of the content of classroom teaching and learning progress, guide the students to use the knowledge of the classroom interaction. As in the teaching of "the emperor's new clothes", teachers can guide students to exert their imagination, role play, street scene simulation emperor clothes, let the students to role play teaching atmosphere, add. Teachers can also encourage the students in the course of the performance, ease their tension on the classroom, let them slowly into the junior middle school classroom teaching atmosphere, the effective teaching strategies of cohesion, stimulate their interest in learning the language, improve students' learning efficiency.
四、要注重学习方法的衔接
Four, attention should be paid to the study of cohesion method
在初中语文教学中，教师还要有针对性地对学生在小学阶段的预习、听课、复习等方面进行调查，了解小学生的学习方法，教给学生更好的学习方法和策略。例如：在教学《济南的冬天》时，教师可以指导学生反复阅读课文，让学生在跟读、齐读、分角色朗读中思考这样几个问题：1.文中描写济南冬天的景物有哪些？2.文中哪些地方运用了比喻和拟人的写作手法？3.作者是怎样使情景交融的？通过提出这些问题，让学生进一步了解和学习课文内容，培养他们在阅读中有意识思考的习惯。对于刚刚步入初中的学生，他们对教师的教学思路不是太了解，因此，教师要尽可能地帮助学生适应初中生活，因材施教地对其进行指导，实现他们在学习方法上的有效衔接。
In the junior middle school language teaching, teachers should be targeted for the students in the primary school, class, review and preview investigation, understand the learning method of students, teach students better learning methods and strategies. For example: in the teaching of "winter in Ji'nan", the teacher can help students read the text again and again, ask students to think about such issues as the role of reading in reading, reading, in all: 1 the description of Ji'nan winter scenery of what? Article 2 where use of metaphor and personification writing skills? The 3 author is how to make the scenes? Through these questions, let students further understand and learn the text content, cultivate their conscious thinking habit in reading. For just a junior high school students, their teachers teaching ideas do not quite understand, therefore, teachers should help students adapt to the junior high school life as far as possible, teach students in accordance with their aptitude for guidance on the implementation of effective connection, they in the learning method.
五、要注重教学评价的衔接
评价是语文课程的重要组成部分，教师的语言评价对学生有着判断、引导、鼓励的作用。在初中语文教学中，教师应用鼓励性的评价方式与学生进行交流与探讨，提高学生学习的积极性。例如：在教学《月亮上的足迹》时，教师可以让学生在快速阅读中，归纳和总结文章内容，引导学生大胆发言。在小学阶段，教师大多是以颁发五角星、小红花等以示鼓励，初中教师可以借用这种形式，用表扬栏里的红旗给予学生肯定与鼓励。对回答不全面或不正确的学生，教师要及时地给予相应的指导与帮助，鼓励学生主动、积极地参与到语文教学中来。
In a word, in junior middle school English teaching, teachers should do a good job of convergence teaching in primary and secondary schools, according to the students' habits and interest in learning, using different teaching methods, effective learning guidance to students, to develop good study habits, to achieve the transition and connection of interest in learning, learning habits, teaching method, learning method and teaching evaluation, so as to cultivate interest in learning the language, improve their language literacy.
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