1 ??????????????????????
Overview of current teaching situation and effect of "1" principle and application of Database Course
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This course is a theoretical, practical public professional basic course in the Academy of management, the main purpose is to cultivate students' ability of using the database system of data management, improve the comprehensive computer application level of the students. The course is divided into three parts of theory teaching, application experiment and course design, database management system using SQL Server 2005, considering the professional direction, students basic subject and the ability to accept different, the core curriculum content requires students to master the skilled operation of the database, database establishment and query, the completion of the data collection, collation, processing and storage, transmission and retrieval utilization. This course, puts forward higher requirements for teachers' professional ability. The teacher must first have an in-depth study of the technology of the database, then they will study how to make the students can step by step, by analogy to understand from the shallow to the deep, and master the related theory and operation technique. Believe that the first offering this course teachers will encounter these problems, so must systematically study the related curriculum knowledge, a systematic study of the teaching mode for students, and teaching theory of knowledge, to focus more on practical operation ability of practice, students can according to user requirements, design and development of management information the system supported by the database management system to help solve the problems in the management of.
With the wide application and rapid development of network and database technology, curriculum teaching will focus on the development of students skills and ability, based on a comprehensive grasp of theory and technology, combined with the practical application of the understanding of the history and development trend of continuously improve the cognitive level of database technology, and helps to develop comprehensive and innovative talents. The theory of teaching is the most important, to lay the foundation for the students of the specific application design and development, to be as a compulsory course arrangement; implementation and application of experiment can make the students know more about abstract concepts by using the system operating platform, the practical ability of students has been significantly improved; curriculum design is to improve the ability of students solution to the actual problem through the basic principle and operation skills to master, and the focus of curriculum system structure, promote students combined with other subject content on concrete problems in the management of information means to solve the auxiliary, to practical application of teaching objective.
Through the arrangement of the above course introduction, we can see that the database course teaching methods and teaching modes need to be further optimized. Collaboration, collaborative application is a very important feature information system network database technology support is the management module. Technical characteristics so follow the curriculum, using collaborative teaching mode can make the teaching goals of maximizing, let the teaching focus more clearly structured, teaching content, but not repeated fusion and other curriculum content. As with the on-line SQL language for C/S mode in LAN debugging to the basic principle of database; explain the heterogeneous database conversion can import / export operation by using different types of data files; described the database security can be combined with the successful case of frontier technology, so that the students will abstract concepts into concrete in the case of such a system to, the course will also continue to improve.
2 ??????????????
2 the teaching object of organization management and goal setting
Effect of database curriculum by traditional teaching ideas, often is take the teacher as the center, taking the imparting of knowledge and skills as the focus, teaching mode is rigid, lack of openness, creativity and exploration of students into full play, has neglected the student's main body status and individual difference. Among the students with the lack of collective and collaborative division of labor, is not conducive to cultivate the spirit of cooperation, social consciousness and comprehensive qualities. While in the "principles and applications of" database of this door real operative course, can influence character by environment to cultivate students' cooperation spirit, for future work to lay a good foundation and access to scientific research activities. The traditional teaching mode with teachers as the main body, and collaborative teaching mode is in the whole learning process, students in the dominant position, the teacher is in the subordinate status, play counseling, guidance and incentives, emphasize the learning process in task driven knowledge, establish the relationship between mutual cooperation and mutual exchanges, shared learning outcomes and the cultivation of good spirit of unity and cooperation among students. This kind of professional basic skills is a basic ability of their future access to jobs, is also a kind of social adaptation and behavior criterion ability, learn with others, cooperation and common life, and work in interpersonal communication, labor organizations, collective consciousness and social responsibility, to train the students to possess professional development ability in diverse and changeable career, including learning ability, innovation ability and the ability to analyze and solve problems. Only with this lifelong sustainable development ability of professional graduates, in the future to enter the career before gradually showed its superiority of personal quality.
Collaborative teaching model according to the current curriculum and evaluation system, inspired training the students' thinking and cooperation ability. Students with interest in specialty voluntary three two people form the teaching experiment group, ahead of time to let the students understand the basic contents and methods of cooperation mode, to clarify the mutual value and significance of cooperative learning, there is a clear division of labor cooperation relations between group members, play a command and control function of the teachers in experiment teaching.
Students according to the teaching content, the specification of collaboration requirements and privileges to complete the experimental operation, to mobilize the students sense of responsibility and enthusiasm, cultivate self innovation and self motivated learning consciousness. In the whole process of teaching experiment, the target should focus on to improve teaching quality and help students improve the learning interest in forming experiment, found problems in a timely manner to fill a vacancy left by check, timely correction of deviation, control the teaching quality, students attach importance to get the answer reaction process, to show students the whole process of solving problems, not only can understand the student's thinking quality, also but diagnose their learning difficulties, is conducive to take targeted teaching remedial measures.
3 collaborative teaching content arrangement and selected
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Collaborative teaching mode helps to arouse students initiative and improve together, but this is to refine the learning content for the premise, if not careful arrangements, will make the cooperation form. Through the exploration and practice of multiple term, accumulated the following deserves further summarizes the collaborative teaching content improvement.
3.1 ???????
3.1 remote database retrieval
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Remote database retrieval significance lies in deepening and consolidating students on some representative online database remote access consciousness, use task remote access each big database platform search information, such as the use of HowNet, VIP or Wanfang electronic literature database retrieval academic papers; the use of national library bibliographic database retrieval of bibliographic data and literature information published by the British Natural History Museum; the foreign online digital collections database retrieval features of Chinese book collection. Can according to each student, according to the principle of the most effective personalized to schedule tasks, pay attention to the cultivation of the ability of self-study. Through the task and case teaching, scene teaching, improve students' practical ability, comprehensive cultivation of students' information quality.
3.2 SQL????
3.2 SQL operating statement
The SQL statement is the difficulty and key in database course, occupies the proportion of larger in the SQL Server 2005 database management platform in teaching. First explain the two-dimensional structure table, one-dimensional line, one-dimensional column. First from the Select query statements... From... The interpretation of Where start. Identify the query data source the From clause, the Select clause is determined from table columns in the direction to choose which fields, the Where clause has chosen to meet the conditions of the record from the line direction. As a result, tightly around the two-dimensional concept of rows and columns, let the students have a practical understanding of the query. A query based, teaching content can be extended to multi table query, the query data source when the From clause from a table is extended to multiple, and the connection operation table based on multi table query on. In relational database theory with the reality of the corresponding process, the theory of "relationship" corresponding to SQL Server in two-dimensional tables, theory of "multi table relationships connecting" corresponds to the SQL Server in the "join query". Joining two tables is a prerequisite: look is the two tables have "common fields from the surface; in theory, is to eliminate redundant and dependent requirements in order to design table structure, artificially set between the table and the table a total field contact. It provides the premise of multi table join. Through this interpretation, so that students in the basic understanding of the query content, but also for the design of the relational algebra and the database in database theory is further expounded. SQL Server in the multi table query links can be further guide the students to explore the theory of relational algebra and database design specification. Students in the master Select read operations statement basis, continue to explain Insert, Update, Delete and other operating statements will be much easier to write. Finally we can optimize the about SQL statement, namely in the software and hardware on the basis of the existing resources, how to write a SQL statement is reasonable, to optimize data access, reduce system overhead, maximum data processing effect. The system of daily use, the difference between the SQL statement and the SQL statement of inferior quality of speed can be up to nearly a hundred times. The SQL statement optimization basic principle is: by as little as possible disk access to obtain the required data. Cooperation in the process of teaching, in addition to learning to take care of most students, but also appropriate to increase the difficulty, the setting operation corresponding to guide experimental questions, self-study and solve the problem on their own, not only to "delegate to fish", more emphasis on "delegate to fish", emphasize the cultivation of innovation ability and comprehensive quality improved, is a development of the traditional teaching. The teacher hand to guide, grasp the content and progress of the whole teaching process; take a variety of ways on the other hand, activate their thinking, teaching way of thinking, enhance the ability of critical thinking, encourage mutual cooperation, promote students to form a new cognitive structure. The teacher should guide the students to learn the knowledge timely summary, form a system, to cultivate the spirit of innovation and innovation ability the goal.
3.3 ???????????????
The online 3.3 database design and information system debugging
Before the start of the database design and program design, need to define their own division, name, unified program variables and parameters used and the type of database structure, design process and timely mutual consultation and discussion. Then in a given environment, logic design meets the application semantics, providing an exact physical design of storage structure, the establishment of operating systems to achieve goals and effective data model data access, data storage application independent, easy maintenance, high efficiency, easy to understand. Open source e-commerce system can use database support, such as online stores do single local debugging, open source code and database source file, group analysis of the examples, discusses some principles of relational database design, such as: the reasonable choice of specification degree and paradigm, to eliminate data delete, insert the abnormal phenomenon in operation, reduce the data redundancy, to ensure data consistency and security etc..
4 ??????????
Evaluation of the teaching process and the effect of the 4
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How to study the process and the effect of collaborative teaching model, teachers should conduct evaluation. The content of the evaluation can include: the student to the knowledge and skills to master degree, students observation ability to analyze the problem, the students to use the existing knowledge and skills of problem solving skills, students gain the knowledge and skills of the students ability, cooperative attitude change. The evaluation methods can be diversified, such as teachers' verbal and written evaluation, student self-assessment, peer assessment, inspire students to collaborate further learning interest. The selection of appropriate experimental operation is content to let the student in the teacher's organization under the guidance of collaborative learning, scientific evaluation of the learning process and effect of students take the initiative to obtain knowledge and skills, so as to realize and take the initiative to build. This is not only conducive to the cultivation of students' independent access to knowledge and skill ability, analysis and problem solving ability, interpersonal ability, innovation ability and consciousness of cooperation, but also conducive to the lifelong development of students' career future.
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Ref.:
[1]???????????????????????-?????????????2011?24?.
[1] Jiang Daihong, a task driven database principle and application course of independent - cooperative learning pattern, based on computer education, 2011 (24).
[2]??????????????????????????2012?2?.
[2] Li Hongtu, thinking about database course teaching, curriculum teaching research, 2012 (2).
[3]?????????????????????????????????2012?2?.
[3] Cui Yuanquan, Zhang Lei, teaching reform and practice of database principle, CD-ROM computer applications and software, 2012 (2).