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游戏的认知学习研究------基础教育

时间:2015-10-16 来源:未知 编辑:梦想论文 阅读:

摘 要:On the basis of a large number of literature and educational game software and web sites, based on the cognitive psychology, to conduct in-depth study of educational games in primary cognitive learning. The educational games in the perceptual learning, cognitive structure, learning motivation and information processing plays a role in four aspects of primary school students, and puts forward the educational games used in the courses of study and suggestions.

关键词:教育游戏;认知理论;认知发展;论文代写

In recent years, with the popularity of computer networks, computer games have become one of the main entertainment for students.
Computer games are a powerful attraction that has caused the attention of educators. Education scholars conform to the trend, thinking the game elements are introduced to education, in which students are immersed in the joy of learning environment, really fun, in this context "game" came into being. In China, the application of educational games in the teaching of the curriculum has been common, and the study of the role of the educational games in the cognitive learning is very little. According to the theory of constructivism, the learning behavior is based on the cognitive development of learners and is the result of the interaction between the learner's internal psychological process and the external environment. Therefore, exploring the influence of educational games on cognitive learning is an important factor to promote students' effective learning.

The concept and application of educational games

Before exploring the cognitive function of educational games, we should understand the concept and classification. Education game from the last century, the United States of America, known as Games Educational, also known as the Edutainment, we call it teaching games, entertainment education. For the definition, see benevolence, the wise see wisdom, there is no unified conclusion. From a broad sense, the domestic scholars He Kekang, Wu Juan think: education game is to meet certain educational purposes of the game, educational games with the game features, educational games must meet certain educational purposes, that is, in the process of the game, to stimulate the enthusiasm of the tour, the initiative and creativity, to help their access to knowledge or training." In a narrow sense, educational games are "able to develop the knowledge, skills, intelligence, emotion, attitude and values of the game users." Here, we define it as an educational game software or web site.

This paper mainly talks about the role of education games in primary school students' cognitive ability training.

Two, based on the education game of the curriculum study of primary school students' cognitive development

(a) to promote the development of primary school students' perceived ability

All human cognitive abilities are based on perception. Through the senses, people get information from the outside world. They are processed by the brain. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development stage, in the cognitive structure of elementary school students in the low grade students, they are mainly used in image thinking and intuitive thinking. In the process of learning to integrate into the picture, the story of a simple game of education, can cultivate the students' interest, and then improve their ability to form a correct cognitive orientation.

(two) it is beneficial to optimize the cognitive structure of primary school students.

According to Ausubel's point of view, "the differences between children's cognitive organization and the adult is mainly contains fewer abstractions, fewer higher-level abstractions, the understanding of many propositions more is intuition -- non verbal type rather than abstract -- Speech", which means that children in the study period more dependent on the concrete experience of experience, so that means that educational games is based on experience learning is in line with the primary structure of cognitive.

Gestalt theory tells us that educational games as a kind of representation of knowledge, promote knowledge of image and text integration together, the past gradually accumulate and become scattered, messy knowledge point of fusion penetration, interlocking, formation of interconnected unit of each part and, rather than simply will be a large number of knowledge points list, stacking and on Pupils' mechanical strengthening. In the learning environment of educational games, the knowledge that it presents is targeted. Through educational games to students' psychological stimulation, the primary school students to mobilize the knowledge and experience in the past to match the current knowledge, so as to effectively achieve the knowledge and skills, and then build a reasonable cognitive structure, which is the need for the full implementation of quality education.

 

(three) it is beneficial to stimulate students' learning motivation.

All the activities of human being are caused by a certain motive. The motive is the motive power of all the activities. Former Soviet Union educator Sue Home Linsky pointed out: the way to stimulate students' learning motivation has a thousand million, but the most important thing is to give students a successful experience! Its emphasis on the social nature of the game, the game theory is the core of the game theory. The immersion experience of the game plays an active role in the game, which is an important intrinsic motivation to improve the behavior of the game.

(four) it is beneficial to increase the capacity of information processing.

Mayer points out that multimedia learning occurs in the construction of information in two or more than two kinds of different ways. The following figure 1 is a cognitive model of multimedia learning proposed by Meyer, which represents the human information processing system.

Meyer pointed out that "in the primary and middle school students learn the text of the speech form of learning to keep score better than they learn only text or commentary." [14] contact education game learning, educational games use sound, images, text and other ways to combine the psychological representation of pupils is very deep, it is through the media to stimulate students' psychological, resulting in students' initiative to mobilize the knowledge and experience in the past, to help them to provide information to the processing, differentiation, arrangement, induction to different cognitive structure of the system, and thus effectively achieve the knowledge transfer, knowledge and skills and achieve the increase in information processing capacity. Such as in literacy game software, the strokes of Chinese characters shape and students familiar scenes of life, which can effectively realize the Chinese character memory, for example by the shape of the real life Zhongshan migration the wording of the "mountain" in Chinese characters learning.

Three, educational games used in the course of study

From the perspective of cognitive psychology, this paper expounds the several aspects of promoting the students' perception, cognition structure, learning motivation and information processing in the course of curriculum learning. But in the actual implementation process, should pay attention to the following suggestions.

(a) carefully choosing the educational game resources

On the market today educational game software or website weeding, teachers should can identify the pros and cons, the really good, has the meaning of education, and perfect evaluation system of educational game software or website brought the application, with students as the center, improve the enthusiasm of the students, to create a good learning situation and competitive learning atmosphere, so as to improve the efficiency of various disciplines of learning, improve the quality of teaching, and promote the comprehensive development of students.

(two) the right to use educational games

Although education games have obvious effect in improving the cognitive ability of primary school students, but it is not all the subjects, all the content is suitable for teaching and Learning Games. Appropriate, in line with the teaching needs of the game software or website to achieve a multiplier effect. In the current education background, the game of learning can only be a subtle, gradual penetration, guidance. Now, the teacher should do is to infiltrate some of the Games in education, teachers in music, students in the middle school, the real teaching and games, learning and play, so as to gradually identify their advantages, the game of learning mode into the teaching process.

(three) to provide assistance to prevent students from learning from their goals

With the popularization of education games, many schools have tried to integrate into the classroom teaching, many parents also buy the education game software for students, and used in extra-curricular tutoring and knowledge expansion. However, in the classroom teaching, teachers can not be used to play the whole classroom, at least not in the current situation, can not absolutely exaggerate the role of educational games, not to abuse it, it can only be used as an auxiliary means of teaching, and can not be completely replaced by class teaching. In addition, teachers should receive professional training, to provide students with a clear learning guidance, to prevent students from learning objectives.

四、结论
Educational games embodies individualized teaching take the student as the main body, to provide an equal, free learning environment for students, in accordance with constructivism "to learn" and the concept of learning. The educational game in cognitive psychology, the teaching system theory to carry on the inspection, confirmed that the educational game is conducive to students learning ability. However, education is a system engineering, the educational game is a double-edged sword, how in the traditional classroom popularization and application of educational games, the realization of "game" and "educational" two-way balance, the teacher is still a great challenge.

参考文献:
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