1.????????,?????????
1 guide the students to do experiments, stimulate students interest in learning
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Einstein said: "interest is the best teacher. The students interested only in physics, just want to learn to love, to learn, to learn, to make good use of physics. Because of the age characteristics of students, determine their active, ask good questions, like the actual operation, love to see the unusual phenomenon, eager to know what, why. In teaching should seize this favorable opportunity, give the students a mobile phone, let students experience the fun of learning in practice.
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For example, in the "conductive" explore the physical teaching, to guide students, guess the teacher prepared: glass, plastic ruler, pencil lead, brine, which can make the current through the small bulb? Contrary whenever the verification results and their conjecture, they are eager to know why the students to explore the enthusiasm of wave after wave, which not only satisfy the curiosity of students, but also to maximize stimulate students interest in learning.
2.????????,??????
2 display physical interest, to develop students' thinking
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The students' interest in learning physics, generally in a direct interest in the stage, with the actual problem in their explanations of natural phenomena and in daily life have strong interest in. In the teaching, encouraging students to dare to think, dare to express their opinions, the teacher may deliberately "contradiction", the students in the wandering, guiding students to think from different angles, creativity.
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For example, in the study of series and parallel circuits of knowledge ", characterized by the use of a series circuit is only one pathway, and the key and the electrical appliance series of general knowledge, put forward such a question to the students: there is a power of a circuit, a switch K, two bulb L1 and L2, and the two light bulbs in series, when the switch K is turned off, L1 and L2 are illuminated, but K are closed, L1 does not light, L2 light, whether this is the case? If there is possible to draw circuit. Due to the interference of existing knowledge, the students on the "contradiction", students only dare to imagine, set out key only with electrical appliance series, in order to solve this problem, not only deepened the understanding of knowledge, profound and broad and exercise their thinking.
3.???????????
The 3 guide students to do well in comprehensive application problems
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Electrical knowledge idea, comprehensive, integrated application problems, students often feel unable to start, any negligence will lead to error. In the teaching, the teacher's leading role, mainly in two aspects, pointing the way.
3.1 directions. Students in the problem-solving process due to the physical understanding of knowledge do not appear, often appear the phenomenon of mechanically, at this time, the teacher should find the problems and give advice.
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For example, in the study "power of knowledge", the author let students discuss "220V, 40W" and "220V, 100W" two lamps in series in the circuit, which is more bright? Most students will think: 100W lamp bulb brighter than 40W, this shows that the students are confused by the rated power lighting. While ignoring the actual power and lighting bulb brightness degree related to find the crux of the problem, the teacher told the students to think about the "220V 40W" and "220V, two light bulbs 100W", which has large resistance? Will they together, through their current size? Finally, guide the students to use the formula "P=12R" determine which lighting will be more bright.
3.2????????????,?????????,???????,??????????
The 3.2 guide. For difficult problems, teachers should adopt the reduced gradient method is divided into doubt, leading students to the right track.
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For example, students in the "resistance R1 and R2 series access circuit, and both ends of voltage is 24V, if R1=800, the current through the R1 for 0.2A, R2 for resistance", because just learned Ohm's law knowledge, many students can't solve problems, the author uses "decomposition method of limb, easier", first to guide students to analyze, corresponding to each resistance element current, voltage, resistance and other physical quantities listed, and their corresponding relations or numerical unmarked and unknown quantity mark with "X", and finally the control list data, application of electrical knowledge learned, due to the hierarchical reduction gradient, students in the the teacher show the way, the smooth realization of leap.
4.????????????????????
4 to provide students with the chance of success. Enhance the students' confidence in learning
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Each person has a kind of self realization, the desire to succeed, success will be in high spirits, the interest multiplication; repeated efforts still fails, will have the fear of emotions, positive effects, therefore, create the chance of success for students, is an effective method to improve students' learning initiative, enhance their self-confidence.
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In the process of teaching, combined with the reality of students, level and gradient of the teaching contents, so that every student can achieve success in learning, get psychological satisfaction. For example, in the content and the object set of classroom questioning, can ask different questions according to different students, the difficult problem of don't ask questions of students with learning difficulties, lest they answer not to come out and be in an awkward position, and then have a sense of inferiority. In the homework, according to different students of different levels of layout problem, so that different levels of students can get the joy of success. At the end of each unit after learning, to carry out a review of units, the careful design of test questions, to the more difficult questions in the review to some hint, make them in the review is targeted, with some success in the test, so as to enhance their self-confidence.
5 pay attention to the combination of learning and using
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Many of the students in this class are interested in physics, and fun, but when they use the knowledge to explain, to solve the problems and phenomena in daily life, they often feel be at a loss what to do, this is the disconnection between theory and practice of the reason, so the teacher should pay attention to the cultivation of students' learning combined with the ability of.
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Electrical knowledge and life, learn electrical knowledge, teachers can guide the students to observe the circuit arrangements at home, using the test pencil to distinguish the firing line and the zero line, learning cap line connection, will read the meter indicates the number of household appliances, according to the numerical calculated on the nameplate, home daily or monthly power consumption, at the same time also encourage students, after-school time to factories and construction sites to observe which place the use of the knowledge of physics.
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In short, in Physics Teaching in junior middle school, the teachers teach and students learn, imparting knowledge and stimulate interest together, arouse the students' subjective initiative to maximize, make them happy to learn, will learn; at the same time, as the leading teachers in teaching, but also to their teaching and guiding students' learning methods unity together, realize the optimization of teaching, can receive the twice the result with half the effort.