Seed is an important agricultural production data, seed testing is the use of scientific, advanced and standard method for the quality of the seeds of the correct analysis and determination, to determine the quality of its quality, evaluation of its use value of science and technology.
Problems in the work of seed inspection
As the seed testing work in China is later than the developed countries, the technology is backward, and the speed of economic development in China is a regional gap, the individual local material conditions and consciousness level is lagging behind, there are still some problems in the testing of seed.
1 inspection personnel of backward technology, without training, does not have the qualification of inspectors, undocumented posts, all. According to the provisions of the "seed law" and related supporting measures, the seed enterprise inspection room should be equipped with not less than two by provincial agricultural administrative department in charge of examination of qualified seed inspectors, and with the relevant professional technical secondary school or above education level, engaged in inspection work for more than three years, above the junior technical post.
2 test chamber conditions. A few poor areas or grass seed stations are still using the original old instruments, old facilities, lack of modern inspection means, the lack of room area, personnel, equipment is not complete, the method is obsolete, backward, poor sample. Record file is not complete, and some can not carry out inspection work.
3 operation is not standardized, the test results are not reliable.
3.1 samples not representative, sampling is the key technology of inspection work, is a prerequisite for correct test results or not. The basic principle of sampling is representative. And some inspectors work irresponsible, afraid of trouble, convenience, sampling frequency of samples is not enough, insufficient, resulting in inaccurate results.
No 3.2 purity analysis. Error will be empty shriveled grain and naked seed caryopsis (such as rice (rice), more than the original half the size of seed damage and sent seeds germ as impurities or other plant seeds. This test result is wrong.
3.3 measurement of water is not allowed. Because there is no oven or oven to be afraid of trouble, the general direct moisture meter measuring moisture, and the current market is commonly used in electric resistance or capacitance instrument, its sensitivity is poor, the use of standard method is more positive, otherwise prone to error.
3.4 germination tests are not allowed. The number of the number of the number is not random, the setting is not enough, and the total number of parameters is insufficient. The seeds of the germination test must be taken from the full mixture of the net seed, usually with a 100 grain of a repeat unit (50 or 25 grains per unit), the total number of particles must meet 400. In actual operation, often directly from the warehouse to fetch in mixed species number seeds are collected to engage in germination, but only 200 grains, such as corn seed grain of 50 x 4, rice seeds 100 grain x 2. In addition, in the seedling identification, only to see the root of the leaves do not look at the seedling emergence is not as a seedling. This is a violation of the rules of operation, so the results will have errors.
Two, solution method
1 vigorously implement the seed certification, to achieve full quality control of seed production. Seed certification system is the main way to control the quality of seed in Europe and the United States. It is important to carry out seed certification to protect farmers' interests, promote international seed trade, and ensure the healthy development of seed industry. Our country carry out seed certification pilot work for many years, has accumulated rich experience, enhances unceasingly along with the seed standard system of our country continues to improve, the detection mechanism bearing inspection ability gradually increased and seed enterprises quality consciousness should be established as soon as possible legal seed certification agencies, promulgated in the suitable for China's national conditions of Seed Certification Implementation Measures, the full implementation of the seed certification, promote the healthy and rapid development of China's seed industry.
2 to strengthen the training of the seed inspection personnel, and actively carry out the training of new technology and new methods of seed testing, and continuously improve the quality and level of inspection personnel. With the seed inspectors assessment, strict access threshold, to ensure high-quality personnel into the team of inspectors. Guide enterprises to select understand professional, higher cultural level of technical personnel engaged in seed test; further improve the seed inspector of continuing education system, through the establishment of long-term training mechanism, to ensure practitioners can timely learn some new test methods and technology, and constantly improve the overall quality and level of detection of high inspection personnel.
3 to establish and perfect the quality responsibility system and legal person responsibility system. Enterprise is the main body of the responsibility of the quality of the seed, the direct responsibility of the quality of the seed, the problem, not only directly affect the credibility of the enterprise, but also spread to agricultural production and social stability. To regulate and restrict the seed production and business activities, we should guide enterprises to sign the "seed quality pledge", which is responsible for the legal representative of the legal person, the responsibility of the quality of the company to implement the relevant personnel, and effectively improve the quality of responsibility and the quality of the seed, the implementation of the "defective seed recall system", and the seed quality is responsible for the end, to ensure the safety of agriculture.
4 to strengthen the quality of the seed logo management, seriously implement the seed labeling system. The real system of seed labels is an important system in the establishment of seed law. Labels is an important carrier of seed quality and related information, should be combined with the provisions of the general provisions of crop seed labels, the organization of the province to seed labels as the main examination content of the special action, focusing on strengthening the behavior of small and medium enterprises and seed quality management.