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《封神演义》蕴含的浅析

时间:2021-08-14 来源:未知 编辑:梦想论文 阅读:
"FengShenYanYi" to "wuwangfazhou" plot line. Some researchers often finds that the novel is a against tyranny, sing the praises of the policy of benevolence, sing the praises of the just war to overthrow the tyrant, highlighting the historical progress of the works. However, Tang Wu conquest is "guilty of rebellion" or "punish", in Chinese history, especially the Confucian ideology often sparked controversy. "FengShenYanYi" although borrow wuwangfazhou history evolution, in a relatively free space talking about ghosts on God, but it is difficult to escape the ethical dilemmas associated with this period of history. In the face of such a cultural tradition and the author of "FengShenYanYi" will without any contradiction or scruples?? really unequivocally revolution of the "treachery" sing the praises?? with these questions, the author carefully read the "FengShenYanYi", made some analysis, to write this thesis, hope teach at all.
 
A "wuwangfazhou" is just the argument
 
"FengShenYanYi" creation must face wuwangfazhou historical debate. The history of the most powerful wuwangfazhou "justification for Mencius. Mencius said in the same King Xuan argued: "Junchen meaning that the benevolent thief thief, the thief is a righteous remnant. The man who was a thief said. Wen Zhu, Zhou Yi, also at the end of the regicide." ("Mencius King Hui of Liang, however, doubts about the justice of of" wuwangfazhou "from Wu Zhou Zhou's army set foot on the journey that moment has emerged. "Boyi biography" in the records of the historian, wuwangfazhou, Boyi and Shuqi "Koumaerjian", shouted: "to the regicide, can be described as Jen peace?" "violence for violence Xi, I do not know the non Yi." Zhong Bojing on the "gods," Yi Qi Shouyangshan Zubing comments pointed out that this time:
 
For eons Boyi and Shuqi his justice, so call Ma Zhijian, since the chanting of Judah Yu xin. Ziya about not zaozao of longitudinal, audible, the end is not the pressure. (sixty-eighth) whether the story of Boyi and Shuqi wasreal, had a history of controversy. Huang Tingjian "Boyi and Shuqi temple in mind," cited Yang Xia Xie Jingping saying: "two things, where Confucius, Mencius is not a statement, no letter. The first cover of Zhuang Zhou, no facts; then Sima Qian made the "historical records" biography of Han Yu "song". About three people, and the real words." However, regardless of Boyi and Shuqi's story is true, the problem is with this story and many believers, praised more. People to criticize wuwangfazhou. As Yu Wenbao in the song "blow" sword said on Han Yu's "Bo song" comment:
 
"Korean public Boyi song" no speech, and wu. The last party cloud: "although micro two, is connected to the later to be treacherous ministers and traitors tracing." According to Wang, such as Daojufuyue with awe inspiring and able but modest...... Therefore, great fame both Boyi and Shuqi in later won -- "the world is clear the earth turbid, see." ("records of the historian, Boyi biographies"), enough to make ", the justice and the King Wu of Zhou's sage position to peacefully to sustain.
 
Thus, the "wuwangfazhou justice" has become a controversial issue in the Confucian tradition. Kong Zi "called" Wu "perfectly beautiful, also not good evaluation" shows his attitude to Wu's reservations. Next, eloquent mengke to King Xuan was rendered speechless, but not enough to solve the problem. To the world, Han Sheng Fangxing, takakage before the emperor has staged a famous debate. "Historical records of the biography" records: Qinghe Wang Taifu Yuangu living, people also. To treat the "poem", when the king of filial piety for the doctor. And Huang emperor before the debate. Huang Sheng yue:
 
"Tang Wufei ordered, but also murder." Xuanyuan solid Sheng said: "or Fu Jie Zhou abuse disorderly, heart of the world all belong to the Wu Tang, Tang Wu and world heart and punish the tyrant, the tyrant of the people not to make and Wu Tang, Wu Tang may have been standing, non ordered why?" Huang Sheng said: "crown, although we will be imposed on the first; shoe although new will turn to the foot. What, on the difference between the. Although this tyrant is lost, but you also; Tang Wu is holy, I also. Husband Lord loss, Liege cannot justifiably Kuang had respect to the emperor, anti due to excessive and punish, established practice in the south, murder and what is? "Xuanyuan solid birthday" will be if the cloud is Gautier Qin emperor of the spaces, not evil? "Then the emperor said:" flesh eating Bushimagan, not not taste; language fellow Wu Tang was ordered without words, not to be a fool. " Then strike. After Mo Ganming was ordered to kill the scholars put.
 
 
However, Dong Zhongshu in "Chunqiu Fanlu, Yao and shun Bushan shift Wu Tang not designed to kill, but is trying to wuwangfazhou exculpatory: days and the pepole, king, and Tianli king thought people. It is easy enough to Zeder people, to the day; the evil enough to seize the day to cause injury to people. Visible there is a Chinese generation not only did not solve this problem, but make it become more sensitive, more difficult to reach a consensus.
 
To the song and Ming Dynasties, centralization of state power has developed to a peak, sanctity of sovereignty and unshakeable has been greatly enhanced, the virtue of loyalty were also pushed to the extreme. This performance in some scholars of this period on the criticism of the Mencius. Sima Guang then "don't like" Meng Zi "". Li Gou is more of a Mencius was cutting, denounced as "sinners". The Mencius criticism focused on his revolutionary ideas, which is concentrated in the conquest of the Tang Wu he certainly. Su Shi in the "on" in Wu clearly said: Wang, non saint.
 
Say again:
 
While mengke beginning, said: "Wu Wen Wu Zhu Zhou men, also at the end of the regicide." Since scholars to Tang and Wu sage, if of course, all Conn's sinners. At that time a good history such as Dong fox, South nest things, need to rebel, Makino, will be his book.
 
Of course, there is also support the support of the king, Mencius. For example, Wang Anshi to such arguments to disagree, he in the Boyi said: her husband's business failure and bestin the heartless residual world, world is not disease of Zhou, and especially Boyi also. The Boyi undead and Wu Wang when, the fierce not only Tai Gong Zai! To the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang Yuhong Wu for 27 years (AD 1394) to Mencius out of the temple, and deleted the "Mencius" three one, the "Mencius" section of the world bank, the the imperial an answer. Burdened with the traditional culture, the author of "FengShenYanYi" will be like those by "revolutionary history view education researchers think that" wuwangfazhou "make clear the ethical evaluation of??
 
Two, a week to the fate of Zhou generals
 
The "FengShenYanYi" the author's attitude clear, the focus of the problem is focused on the understanding of the relationship between the author. If the "praise revolution" point of view, "Zhou Gui Zhou." certainly is a wise choice for people. So, this section is to study the characters of the book of fate.
 
According to my statistics, in "FengShenYanYi" description of Shangzhou officials and generals rebel Shangzhou, defected or surrender West Qi total thirteen times:
 
1 Fang Bi, by brothers back in eighth reflects the dynasty song, back in forty-first by Huang Feihu by Xi qi.
 
In 2 Li Jing fourteenth huibai randeng Taoist after the teacher, respect for life to resign in sixty-fifth temporarily hidden valley, back to West qi.
 
3 Jiang Ziya in eighth to escape in twenty-fourth was Wang Chaoge, appointed as prime minister.
 
4 to eighteenth Yang Ren was dug eye after Zhou moral Zhenjun saved Ziyang hole in the eightieth Xi Qi regression.
 
5 Wu King Huang Feihu in thirtieth to return to thirty-fourth Zhou, to finally win glory in battle to Xi qi.
 
Chao Tian Chao LEI 6 to thirty-fifth back of Xi Qi, after the defeat of surrender.
 
7 A and nine male Deng tribes in fifty-third of Chi Xi Qi to offer it back, fifty-sixth back after the defeat to West qi.
 
The 8 line in fifty-seventh supporting Su Chi Xi Qi to return a compliment of sixty-first, return to West qi.
 
 
 
9 to sixty-sixth Jin Hong Xi Qi sixty-seventh regression back to conquest, drop.
 
10 liters in seventy-third fell back to Hu Guan Xi Qi Jia dream surrender.
 
11 Xu Gai in seventy-third to fall Jiepai customs surrender Xi qi.
 
12 Deng Kunrui two guitar in eighty-fifth to receive co Shou Lintong, in eighty-sixth to give off surrender.
 
13 to ninety-sixth to steal evil Feilian Zhou seal, in ninety-ninth to offer in the week.
 
 
The three men need to specifically mention to discuss: one is Li Jing, one is Deng Kunrui Ji two people, one is Jiang Ziya. Li Jing, a former king Zhou of Shang Chen Tang Bing, incumbency period and no and Zhou of the conflict, there is no and Qi Xi form a hostile relationship. When he worship Taoist lamp on respecting life as a teacher, quietly resign. And he in the 65 back to West Qi is in moral identity, the book on his return to the description of Qi Xi is basic and Wei support, Jin Zha, Qi Xi Mu Zha et al as. In his later as a week will play, the other did not mention his former identity. His previous background had no effect on what he was doing. So I think, Li Jing should be in the moral character of a class to discuss. It should be said that Yang Ren Xi Qi is in eightieth regression in virtue of identity, this point is the same with Li Jing. However, Yang Ren, return to West Qi after the strange image -- "orbital grew up in both hands, palm is two eyes" (Chapter 84) - is in forever prompted the met him in the misfortune of Shangdu, suggesting that the he and Shangzhou once due to the sharp conflict and lead to the rebellion. And this is exactly what Li Jing is very different from the rest of the sequence in the same place. So we're still putting him in this sequence. About two people, Deng Kunrui, Mr Liu Cunren thinks they are composed of "vision" in Yu Huang Hou derived from the two. (Liu Cunren 1991) I basically agree with this view. According to the nations biography "in the description, Hou Yu Rui is fairly and Hou status of the Hebrew people, the same is within the jurisdiction of the king Zhou of kinglet. Therefore, the status of the two people and the people are different. So, it should not be put into this column to discuss. Also because of Jiang Ziya as Zhou Zuo, an indispensable character while living in the book center, his role in the story is very special, so it should not be and the generals put together discussed. So, here to discuss the following ten teams or characters. Party Bifang cousins,; Yang Ren; Wu Cheng Wang Feihu A and Department of public; Akita Aki Lei Department of public; Deng Jiu Gong An and Department of public; Su Care Ministry of public persons; Hong Jin Zhong; Hu Sheng Department of public; Xu Gaibu public; Carduus maliciously.
 
The ten men have rebelled and He Xi Qi zhou. They rejected the submission, Randolph, according to "sing revolutionary" point of view, the author should be on their praise and praise. But in the book, Jiang Ziya treated them differently. On the first eight men, Jiang Ziya is to meet the grand ceremony, but after the two men were Jiang Ziya cut off the head. The man who had been chopped down, the book put them down as a "speculative revolution" ". In fact, careful analysis, they are subjective negative color painted results. Carduus and dislikes "steal Shangzhou seal gave the Zhou Dynasty" behavior and King Wu of feudal lords incidentally mentioned a sentence "neutrino hold sacrificial behavior of the week" there is no too big difference. Hu Sheng in the 71 back and hung Kam war good dream off time, the first two meetings were he lost two generals, which enabled him to immediately determine the destiny of ownership, then the explicit expression of the want to surrender West Qi desire (Chapter 71), but he has been Hu Lei stopped. After Hu Lei's death, he met Hu Lei's master, the virgin of the fire spirit. Wait until no one stopped, he has gone over to West qi. However, he then immediately after the Jiang Ziya button "speculative revolution" charges his head cut off. In fact, objectively speaking, Hu Sheng Crusade Qi Xi and surrender West Qi and Chao Tian Chao Lei, Su care and Xu Gai et al and not too big difference. So, why he had no place in Jiang Ziya on to the Xiqi? Why their attitudes are so different?
 
 
A story to compare "Ski Dib biography" in Luan cloth: "Ji Bu, Chu people. For the gas man, known as chu. The Department will, the number was Hanvon. And Xiang Yu, Emperor seeking purchase cloth daughter, dare to give you sin and three family." Later, after some intermediate people persuade - - "and to Ji Bu Yin and Han for urgent so, the North Hu Jinan walked more and more ear. In order to avoid the enemy's heroes, the Wu Jing King's tomb is so whip." Therefore, the emperor eventually forgave quarter cloth, and summoned, thanks, thanks to the doctor." In the same piece of biography, Taishigong also described Dinggong brother season cloth thing: "Ji Bu brother Ding Gong Chu will. Ding Gong Xiang Yu Zhu Cheng Xi Peng embarrassed emperor ". Later, the same is death" and king, Ding gong an audience with the emperor ", different is the" emperor to Ding Gong showing partiality to the army, said: "Ding Gong for King unfaithful minister, the king lost the world person, but Ding Gong also. ' Then cut Ding Gong, said: 'so that future generations of people who are invalid Ding Gong!' two people almost have the same experience and behavior, but encountered a different treatment. Zizhitongjian "this is a very famous comment:
 
Chen said: "since the light, from the emperor Zhaowangnapan, abundant snare hero, also to be. And that the throne, and Ding Gong alone to kill cheat, why?, aggressive and conservative, the potential of different. When contending on the occasion, people without fixed by the Lord, who, it should also. And you as the son of heaven, all within the four seas, all without exception for the minister, Jing unknown etiquette to show, the ministers ambidexterity to go around, the country can long almost. Is so continuously to righteousness, so that the world is Xiao ran, known as unfaithful minister without self content, and pregnant with private knot well though as to live oneself, still with righteousness and. Kill a person and millions of people fear the concerns of not deep and far zai. The children enjoy the Tianlu four hundred years, should be."
 
Sima Guang's words as we provide some enlightenment: forgiveness is the -- the war is with people, "warrior husband jealous to enemy; be beheaded -" make the world Xiao ran, known as the unfaithful minister since ", so that future generations as Minister of the invalid Ding Gong." So Hu l die and Deng Jiu Gong survived. This can also be used to explain why Hu Sheng and Carduus maliciously killed events occurred in the whole process of wuwangfazhou will succeed or has been successful. This is forgiveness or by the rulers and decide according to their own needs. The so-called "forgiveness", and not on their "day should be a rewarding life", but also because of their temporary use. So all have rebel original monarch, are in fact have reason to be beheaded! So, in "FengShenYanYi" this novel, Hu Sheng's death what is a warning to the living or the future destiny of living a indicate?
 
Some researchers think: "for Chaoge civil and military purposes, committed to the loyal only to die, who abandoned rebel Jun Zhong, is abandoned the dead returned students, Su Hu, Huang Feihu, Deng Jiu Gong, and so on is proof of it." As book of the remaining eight revolt original monarch, Shun day should be life, surrender to the troops of the Lord's ultimate fate is what?
 
1. Bute died of a 46 Dong Tianjun wind roar array; is died in the 48 back to Yao Tianjun falls the soul of the array; 2. Yang Ren, died in the 91 back Yuan Hongzhi; 3. Wu King Huang Feihu died in the eighty to a Kuizhi. His son Conrad Wong died cited article 74 of the back hill hand, his brother Huang Feibiao also died in the eighty back Zhang Kuizhi. Also, we in the apotheosis of the list also saw the name of Huang Tianlu (Xi Dou Guan Xing) and Huang Feibao (day heirs star); 4. In the list of Fengshen Bang can find Tian Huang, Lei Chao's name to determine the death of their -- Chao Tian dubbed the old broken star, Chao Lei was sealed for Dou Guan Xing; 5. Deng Jiu Gong died at 73 back, are captured in Chenqi after decapitation. His daughter Deng Chanyu died in eighty-seventh to gaolanying hand.
 
His son Deng Xiu (black star) do not know where to die, but in the gods above. With nine male officers Deng too in eighty-first times more than in Luan Dazhi hand; 6 hand Yu Zhaozhi died in eighty-first to support the Soviet union. Ten thousand immortals, l (Huang Quanzhong the son of died about the 81 back more than Dazhi book account of the unknown, Su care the most important general Zheng Lun in the 92 died of Kim Dae Jung, the general Zhao Bing Sun Ziyu the 78 were killed; 7. Kam Hung in the 83rd died array. And Chao Tian brothers in Fengshen Bang see Xu cover name; we were surprised to find the rebel Zhou Zhou generals have been killed in battle, unexpectedly without exception. The generals in battle on the crusade against the original monarch for Xi Qi after a bloody battle, and finally a after all fall down, and fell on the King Herod reward meritorious minister before.
 
 
Is this the fate of the accidental or implied in the new countries should not have their place?
 
Throughout the book, these rebels Zhou Zhou generals, regardless of their relations with King Zhou, the only common rebel the their original monarch -- into the they face forever cannot erase the gold seal ". Their betrayal that they neither goodbye in the original camp, Shangzhou generals want to kill and then quickly, also cannot see the capacity in their surrender team -- they either surrender immediately after being killed or by reducing the party utilization, and when the camp to share the fruits of victory they were the authors excluded.
 
The event wuwangfazhou age, these characters are mostly fictional. But the fate of these fictional characters has shown such a trend, so that we have to consider this is the author's intention to. As the author of "outlaws of the marsh" can not thoroughly song field rebellious as, in "FengShenYanYi" traitor also difficult to go too far. They can flay out anti Chaoge, stately but unable to get rid of to console the people and punish the wicked, treason charges. The party Bifang vividly reflects the dilemma. Although they in Prince of martyr when battle righteousness moves, reflecting a Chaoge, but they never forget to make amends, return to Zhaoge (This Song Jiang et al mental is how the same), and therefore only cheated the San Yisheng fixed wind beads. As for the Yin Yin Jiao Hong's erratic, it is because of this contradiction in ethics. Author although not described other people's inner conflict, but can expect that few people can then safely abandon "dark" cast "Ming". So, these rebels who belong to the eventual death of the week generals can not only hidden words to express a kind of vague punishment, and allows the author to get rid of the embarrassment to make a moral judgment.
 
Two, the story of the evolution of the three image transfer
 
Mr Liu Cunren said: "the traditional Chinese Novels: the story will follow, but not necessarily have a." 5 (P1230) "FengShenYanYi" tells the story of King Wu general through four stages of rheology.
 
The first stage is the historical legend in the history stage, refers to wuwangfazhou works and in folk legends were recorded. We can see the basic features of this event from Shangshu ("Tai oath", "Wu Cheng" various articles), "historical records" ("three generations", "Yin biography, Zhou Benji," Fengchan book etc. chapter), "the book of songs" and "songs of the south, Tianwen", "Huai Nan Zi and offerings in relation to training", Han Jia Yi's new book, Hendiadys ", Jin often Qu" Huayang - BA Zhi ", Wang Jia shiyiji, John Lee, the mengqiu variorum" works. The second stage is the stage of rap, refers to "wuwangfazhou Pinghua", dramas of the Yuan Dynasty in the corresponding track (1) as the representative, the historical events to dramas and novels, transformation. The third stage is the stage of romance, in "FengShenYanYi" as the representative, marking the wuwangfazhou events with novel morphologies appear. In this stage, wuwangfazhou story was also found in novels of the Ming Dynasty the nations biography "volume," Shang Zhi biography "and" open up Kingdoms "the 79th back the bestin pet Daji bereavement business" and the eighty back the King Wu of Zhou, relieve the people and punish ". The fourth stage is the stage to Jia Yufu west of the veneer with the word "," Fengshen Bang "and dramas of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the relevant track II recorded the story as the representative.
 
In these four stages, the two core characters wuwangfazhou events in the image of the conquest of their grand Wei slightly and conquest of the villain, in four main characters -- King Wu, a late bloomer, Zhou, Daji -- in the two shifts.
 
1, King: in front of and behind the scenes although monarch of previous generations of the Western Zhou Dynasty (especially the king) for the later dynasties to lay a good foundation, but to truly complete the task of regime change is still very arduous. Since the king has the ability to make the regime change to become a reality, let oneself become a real founding monarch, he must be a monarch of grand Wei slightly. The "book of history" of the "Taishi", "Mu Shi", "Wu Cheng" the articles in this image is the king. But in "FengShenYanYi", the actual promoter and the leader Jiang Ziya replaced the Zhou King Wu became the big industry.
 
 
"FengShenYanYi" back to the sixty-seventh, Jiang Ziya import model, the performance is actually the king:
 
Wu Lan Bi, pondered a long while. He replied: "father of the table, although the unprincipled to King Zhou, for the world total abandon, ought to conquest; but the former first Wang Cengyou words: 'cut can not be servants of cutting Jun.' Today, all future generations to solitary as an excuse. A solitary Gu Xian Wang Kuang words, called filial. General Zhou road, Jun. Lonely if cut, that is the infidelity. Solitary and keep his father for the festival, is it not good to the king."
 
By contrast, "Taishi" on the words of King wu:
 
The crime of taking Guan Ying, the fate of death. To put the day, but the crime was faint. I only fear to kid, to the test, to god. For all the soil mound, Boyle, bottom day penalty. Days of pity for the people, the desire of the people, the day will come from. Seoul is a Biyu, Yongqing four, tokiya huffco lost.
 
Mencius in "lianghuiwang" an article also said: "this is Wu yong. The king also angry antermn under." King Wu of the Tai oath "without the slightest confusion and contradiction, the so-called" ask me after, the child I is hatred ", which is what a striking position. But in" FengShenYanYi "king is, were completed in late bloomer" view of government in business, as soon as the change of "deceit".
 
In a process of "FengShenYanYi" described in the king, almost no contribution to the military action. Not only so, in the novel the king again and again to show their own cowardice and incompetence: King see a third hand six arm, shake a halberd and, King Wu said: "kill the lonely fool!" (Chapter 65) king heard about the loss of his younger brother, and hide and cry, in the camp. (the eighty back) King Wu said: "now although is misgovernment, we hereby Murphy courtiers, hath the monarch and his subjects relative to the enemy? Marshal can solve this crisis." Ziya said: "the king is the meaning of this life, a drum sergeant." (ninety-fifth back end) as saying the king is a benevolent ruler, there remembered "drum into gold". (ninety-sixth to early) and historical records of Wu has been with confidence, "Tongli degrees, with degree of righteousness. Subject to a minister of hundreds of millions, but hundreds of millions of hearts, to have Chen three thousand, but one heart." Cai Shenzhu said: "the king's will to give out of croatia." Because personnel have g reason ";" the day to mow the people, I dream I was in CO Bu, Hugh Xiang Rong's will g." King Wu reason with faith to win this, because he from began has realized the justice of the conquest, solid people based, and believe that "today to the people, the people want, the day will come from". In the novel, Wang should bear on their own destiny but rather identity. It can find the basis from the "white fish in the plot more boat".
 
When the novel to West Qi charger crossing of the Yellow River, the story of King Wu of Zhou is nearing completion, is a foregone conclusion, destiny has been manifest. This time the occurrence of "white fish more boat" event, full of color metaphor, as if is summary of the whole incident "FengShenYanYi" (No. 94 back). The king saw the Yellow River as saying, energy-saving, endless, scared look ashen. That dragon boat is only in the waves, or on, or under. Suddenly a swirl of water from a loud, a jump in the cabin to white fish tail, the king was shocked. The fish is in a boat, jumping four or five feet high. Wu asked Ziya said: "this fish into the boat, where the main xiongji?" Ziya said: "congratulations to congratulate king king!
 
The fish into the boat and the king, King Zhou, Zhou Xing is king when, following the soup and the world." Ziya Herald: "life who will this fish, and enjoy the king." King Wu said: "can not." Still in the river of life. Ziya said: "only the king shall give up this, boat, is that" heaven is not taken, attractive, Lyee food, cannot be lightly abandoned." The collar around teeth that need to cook fast life. Not for a moment...... The Yellow River whitecaps monstrous, as this period of history and change dynasties of chaos and raging like a storm is not calm. King Wu of the dragon boat in waves or on or under, like wuwangfazhou events, West Qi's experience and the experience of ups and downs, twists and turns. The white fish boat, Wu said: "can not", as the king should bear their own destiny of rejection. But eventually at Jiang Ziya's insistence, eat white fish, enjoy the world.
 
 
Wu, Ren Yi violence is actually in the process of. Wen Wu and Zhou Ren, the storm is the key of this event is established or not. However, according to the traditional concept of "heartless" and often "not ethical" together. So, the author in order to highlight the King Wu of Rende, but let him become timid and regime change in the industry had to with Jiang Ziya, hope that you can take the following the murder of charges also pushed to Jiang Ziya. In a word, "FengShenYanYi" in Wu lack basic identity and commitment to the "mandate of heaven". From the stage to behind the scenes, from the great ideas become weak, this is the author of his arrangements.
 
 
 
2, King Zhou of evil to Daji transfer Mencius in arguing with Qi xuanwang about righteousness of the monarch and his subjects said: "refers to the benevolent thief thief, thief righteous predicate residues. The man who was a thief said. Wen Zhu, Zhou Yi, also at the end of the regicide." Zhu Xi in the note, "Mencius", citing Wang Mian's words: Si speech also, except at the bottom have Ren Tang Wuzhi, and superiors have tyrant violence can be. Otherwise, is not free from sin or usurpation. Zhu Xi's reference conveys three aspects of information. One is, he thinks wuwangfazhou is justice. Two, he tried to warn the later intention which men don't think wuwangfazhou is a can use excuses. If they want to make official things must have two conditions, their own must is different from civil and military that Rende; they are opposed to the monarch must is similar to King Zhou that the tyrant. Only these two conditions are available, and what they want to do is to be called justice. These two conditions are indispensable, the lack of any of them a condition -- in fact, is the lack of the premise of justice -- and they will be back "usurpation" eternal infamy. Thus, we can obtain the information: that Zhu Xi believed that, essentially speaking, by definition, wuwangfazhou is a "usurpation" behavior, is a kind of "guilty of rebellion", just because of its justice only remove the eye for the fate of the usurpation. Therefore, Wenwu benevolence and Shangzhou violence is the incident justice and whether or not the flag, their benevolence and violence must reach certain degree, Wu and the army has as a prerequisite for the justice of the division. This point "FengShenYanYi" the author is going on in the heart.
 
In order to highlight the civil and military benevolence and Shangzhou of violence, from the "wuwangfazhou Pinghua", "the nations biography" and "FengShenYanYi", we can clearly see a intends to strengthen King Wen, King Wu Ren Hou Aimin and Zhou sadistic plot depicts the tendency. For example, "dialect" not and "biography", "Romance" have "to benefit even the dead" section and the king returned, and all the princes said but Wen firmly to Junchen righteous cause, stick to the official festival and so on, are highlighted to strengthen the Emperor Wen loyalty and generosity of Confucian ideal color. Zhou killed Jiang Huanchu and E Chongyu two Hou plot is the "Romance" in "and" no pinghua. In "FengShenYanYi", and benevolence and Zhou of violence against each other, in contrast with the more prominent exaggerated. King Wu and Shangzhou are arrows stack of characters, especially for King Zhou, gradually become evil set in a body, the so-called "bestin the poor, rather than what is. A gentleman is loath to lag behind the evil of the world gathered there are." "The Analects of Confucius Zi Zhang" in generations of continuous phase teleport in, people in accordance with their own wishes, ideas to them were literary description. Civil and military really as Ren, Shangzhou really is the violence has become no longer important, important is their image has become a symbol. At the same time, only compare them between "benevolence" and "violent" strong contrast, wuwangfazhou justice to standing heel.
 
In "FengShenYanYi" chapter 95 "Ziya Storm King Zhou ten crimes", Jiang Ziya vibrating resigned to tell the king Zhou of the top ten sins:
 
1. Respect God, overindulge in wine and women, far gentleman, pro villain, immoral or extremely evil and no Lun.
 
Amanda has 2 listen to calumny, caused by the queen died.
 
3 listen to slander, has rejected this, this prince, forget ancestors were vast.
 
4 stake kill minister.
 
5 listen to Amanda conspiracy, fraud to deceive princes in North Korea, a broken mince the corpse, a promise to the world leaders executed.
 
6 note: bitter words have been made, or a basin, hated by both man and God Baoluo.
 
7 deer, vain extravagance, poor power in your possession.
 
. letter Amanda has words, Kuang Jia's zhaixing Lou, causing chaste woman dead knot, and fell yellow chaise to downstairs, three cardinal guides have been vast, the sense of honor and shame is devoid.
 
9 to enjoy entertainment, bone out a tick of pregnant women, people of Shu was innocent, this tea poison.
 
10 private pleasures of impermanence, demon Princess Daji Na, letter to the boys, with cut kidney, to make soup, the vast million surname Si mai.
 
 
Because of these ten sins, the eight party against Zhou has just cause.
 
King Zhou of Shang's evil although not forgive, but 10 counts "Daji" appeared five times, reveals the role of Daji "plays in the evil of King Zhou. In fact, read novel know, King Zhou of all evil is for the princess was out in the nanoliter Daji's, King Zhou of the top ten sins are with dakki or directly or indirectly. For example, "FengShenYanYi" back to the seventh and eighth to focus on the one thing to punish the king zhou. The cause of the incident is the night the queen heard the sound of ginger pleasures, to persuade King Zhou Shou Xian Gong, don't be profligate and devoid of principles. Then, King Zhou angry, drunk, say the queen made for waste ginger Daji:
 
And Zhou is drunk, listening to Jiang queen some words, very angry: "this wretch ungrateful! I am a beautiful song and dance, and fun of him enjoying, he make irresponsible remarks, many speak. If not the palace, with "murder, Fang Xiao I hate. Ao annoying! "At midnight already, King Zhou wine drunk, called:" beauty, just I palace nettled, dance again once, with my boredom. " Daji knelt and said: "I am now playing to dance." Wang Yue: "why?" Amanda said: "Ginger queen blame concubine body, this dance is leans the funeral home in. See what the queen is very......" Yanba tears down like rain. King Zhou listens, said: "despite the beauty was Shi Zhen, tomorrow will waste Bitch, you stand for. I took the liberty of beauty, do not worry." Daji Shane, Fu Chuan played drinking, day and night.
 
In this text, the author emphasizes the "two king Zhou is drunk" state. The author emphasis on the image of the drunken King Zhou, made for King Zhou virtually. Then Daji use King Zhou after a drunken anger aroused King Zhou of ginger queen further resentment, leading to King Zhou speak the words "after the abolition of the". The author of Daji words and all her attitude are described in detail. Read to here, King Zhou left in our minds the impression is but a fatuous monarch, and Daji calculating unavoidable chilling.
 
In the circumstances behind the trial after the ginger, again see King Zhou was ginger after submission moved, again and again to persuade, but again was blocked by the Daji:
 
King Zhou listens, thought said: "yellow Feizhi words is very clear, if no matter, there will be wronged." Is Chiyiweijue occasion, only by slight sneer daji. See Zhou Daji smile, asked: "the beauty of the smile is not, why?" Daji replied: "the Yellow goddess was ginger 40....... Without fear of punishment, how to recognize! Hope your majesty survey." The king said: "the beauty of It stands to reason."...... Amanda said:"...... Can your majesty regards: such as ginger after do not move, put his head, the eye is the heart of the seedling, his fear of gouging out eyes from natural confession. The civil and military knowledge, this is also the law often, no demand." The king said: "the word is amanda."
 
In view of Zhou, Jiang later see eye, heart to love; for many years, since no regrets, do not bow to the phrase, I feel the injury. Looking back on duty Daji said: "just believe you a word, Jiang Houwan to one eye, and never Zhaocheng, blame will commission who? This club, you a hasty and reckless. If not how, but officials, "said Amanda:"...... At this time must be after the move into ginger, Party officials and free people." King Zhou ponders language not, suffering heart, like in a dilemma, a dilemma. For a long time, ask Daji said: "today, what the law party properly?" (Daji and cautery hands) Zhou said: "according to Huang Fei, ginger, after no matter; again today with this miserable punishment, Qu prospecting in the palace, fear Baiguan by his proposal. Eye gouging is a mistake, or wilt thou be? "Daji said:" Your Majesty is poor! To such things, like riding a tiger, would rather flexion prospecting ginger, your majesty not offended in the world leaders, Chao Wenwu. " King Zhou was helpless, only regards: "if we do not recognize, with no partiality Baoluo used mask taboo!"
 
 
From this description, the reader can clearly see, King Zhou is undoubtedly fatuous, but the entire event is to promote the daji. Other crimes committed in the king Zhou, Daji effect is also decisive.
 
The author in the ninety-sixth to plot her puzzled Sergeant described Daji when executed. Then author borrow Yangjian and Wei Hu mouth said: "this is, after all, for years, fox, extremely good confused, so the king Zhou was wrapped around her tied the fans a memorable one..." Author of this writing, let people feel the culprit should be Daji, King Zhou only like a blind man, was Daji, step by step to lead into the beyond redemption abyss of evil, so-called: Shangzhou Jun Zhi Taiping, Lebanon's universal boiling cheers. Heart faint Daji lewdness color, caused a war in one's hand. Although this is the traditional "Beauty causes danger." writing. However, the author of "FengShenYanYi" to strengthen this trend, as Zhou disculpate. The two characters of the transfer of personality behavior, many researchers have noted that. However, if incorporated into the framework of this article, they will be more meaningful.
 
Four, the ethical dilemma of the solution
 
In "FengShenYanYi" wuwangfazhou story and the fate of expression during flooding: "Cheng Tang looking sadly, when the loss of the world; Fengming Qishan, the Western Zhou Dynasty is the Lord. Providence has been set up." (the first author) will be at the top of the fate in the story, the book all the plot is by fate and. Therefore, from Zhou question pornographic poem to King Zhou in Daji's instigation made ten counts, all but are king Zhou of fate is doomed to a fixed number of, the so-called "decoction combined with death; Zhou Guo when Xing. King Zhou is just "destiny" pawn, interpretation of others already arranged for a good life.
 
The author of the novel is the opposite of Meng Zi's logic. The logic of Mencius is the evil king Zhou before, so losing popular support; because of losing popular support, so from the days of people willing to, sent the king to crusade against Shangzhou. In the novel, the logical order is: destiny decided, Zhou, Wu Daji confused. Zhou's "evil" and "downfall" are just destiny for the fate of the Shangzhou set, and the conquest of the king is only a destiny. Therefore, all the evil king Zhou, King Wu of the guilty of rebellion but is a kind of fate, the arrangement and the fate of no resistance. So in the novel, this time "punish" completely is no longer an excuse or pretext, is purely "punish". This "punish" make whole "wuwangfazhou" event "revolution" color, and "regicide" colors are greatly reduced. Thus, the author use "mandate of heaven" wuwangfazhou encountered ethical dilemma made the first level of digestion.
 
Under the cover of heaven, "FengShenYanYi" tells the story of the struggle between two of the world, a is of Shang and Zhou, is a human struggle, another interpretation of sectional dispute is the struggle of fairyland. Two of the world's struggle together, rely on each other, support each other, finally under the banner of heaven polymerization. Cut two teaching illustrates by Shang and Zhou dynasties, to complete their own fate, Shang and Zhou dynasties between the interpretation of section of the two forces to complete the destiny arrangement. Through the reading of the book, the researchers found, the author is not to, the story as the core, rich, story and join the celestial struggle. It depicts a story with the immortal world wuwangfazhou parallel in the book. In addition to those in order to complete disaster came to fight from Dongfu immortals throughout the explanation of the section of the two figures, many on earth will worship figure Alsos art belonging to clarify cut two teaching. In the struggle between human generals immortal characters struggle much richer, more interesting. So "FengShenYanYi" the book "Chi is historical, and prattle about gods and spirits, and even nine misstating, but false in Shang and Zhou dynasties, since writing fantasy" (Lu Xun "a brief history of Chinese Fiction). The scores between the cut two teaching illustrates into the Shang and Zhou dynasties in the struggle, not only changed the nature of the Shang and Zhou dispute, have shifted the attention of readers, the reader's attention is attracted to the Fairy Magic to. This is more likely to forgetting the Shang and Zhou dynasties both right and wrong. Borrow. Cut two battle, the author completed the digestion of ethical dilemmas encountered in Wu of the second level.
 
 
The digestion of the ethical dilemma in third aspects is the use of "gods" to complete the. "Gods" ("death") is the main line of the book. According to the main line, launched a cover in Shangzhou perish "death" connected to the death of countless stories. Death in the book is a key link to, in "FengShenYanYi" death is not in most of the traditional Chinese novel that is an end, and just is a beginning, a new life. It is not life deadline, so it is no longer a tragedy (after the start of the fate has not been the author to write down, though). This dilutes the Shangzhou death and King Wu victory the huge contrast between, and the attention of readers eyes away from, so that the victory of King Wu disgrace a lot. Also between the king and the Shangzhou campaign, but is in order to give a place can take the "death" of the heroes, so that they can thus obtain the gods qualifications. "Fengshen Bang" and the many characters, the evil king Zhou, chip small humble Markov, geweijizhu loyal and dutiful son, Nitian trip to violate the precepts of sin, a mountain spirit monster, bad character of treacherous villain. These people, regardless of their lifetime is a week or help Zhou, regardless of evil is not evil, whether it is treacherous Zhong phase, as long as it is dead shall be on Fengshen bang, and then made a large or small position and position size does not to the position for theory. By the level of "death" and the different nature, demons, demon, strange all change is similar to their respective before all the rights and wrongs, eventually all exterminate in the invisible.
 
No matter who is the enemy of the gods or friends, after everyone shook hands and then in the Chinese official. Regime change in the historical events so eventually become for a game of death, and eliminate the the seriousness of the revolution, dispels the enveloped the dispute of ethics of the book. The gods and the Jiang Ziya King Wu of the feudal vassal nations. The two world is due to the packet from chaos to order, and the two sector since the dust settles, the appropriate. At this point, the author seems to be able to breathe a sigh of relief. However, the problem is really solved it?
 
The replacement of the Shang and Zhou period, it is the world order of chaos period. How to recover from the turmoil, how to establish a new order, the main plot is "FengShenYanYi" to show the. In the view of Confucianism and stable political order is people live and work in peace and contentment essential conditions, the so-called "father and son Pro righteous monarch" (Mencius). However the paradox is that in "FengShenYanYi", in order to rebuild a good governance must be after a under the reactionary "wuwangfazhou". Therefore, this constitutes a "ethical dilemma FengShenYanYi" difficult to escape. In order to solve this problem, the author in the book with the "mandate of heaven", "explanation section", "death", "gods", with the fate of the characters quietly arrangement, to solve, or mitigate this conflict.
 
In the mysterious gods, readers seem to see the ultimate solution. However, this so-called solution but is in fact a trick of self deception. In this final reunion ending in general, in the author tries to the contradiction of painstaking efforts to resolve, in all of this is attributed to the appearance of calm, the tension of the ethical dilemma really. On the one hand, can be said that the author resolve cannot escape the ethical dilemma of efforts ultimately failed; on the other hand, it is precisely in this inevitable failure to make the book more thought-provoking implication. As in ancient Greek tragedies, the value of literary works often does not lie in giving a satisfactory solution, but it is not an escape from the ethical dilemma. "Fengshen Bang" is a symbol of imagination, it became the solution to ethical dilemmas and precisely revealed appear in real society contradiction can not solve. In a simple list of the above, we see that the author is helpless. The main characters in the novel, the gods of death and death after reached the final ending, everywhere in the novel the ethical dilemma also developed to the extreme.
 
reference
 
1 gods M. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1991
 
[2] the nations biography. Ancient book series (Vol. 6) [M]. Liu Shide editor. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1990.
 
3. Records of the historian Sima Qian M. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1982
 
4. Sima Guang Zizhitongjian M. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Press, 1983
 
5. Liu Cunren and wind hall collection M. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Press, 1991
 
6 new forms of ethics. The Western Zhou BA M. Tianjin: Tianjin Ancient Books Press, 1997
 
Chen Gujia. Confucian ethics philosophy. Beijing: People's publishing house, 1996
 
8. Qi Yuyu novels of Ming Dynasty history M. Hangzhou: Zhejiang press, 1997
 
[9] Cheng Yu pan. Strange, force, chaotic, and God: "FengShenYanYi" culture grade [J]. Copying data of the NPC, 1996 (01).
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