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高校图书馆怎样变革

时间:2021-08-14 来源:未知 编辑:梦想论文 阅读:
Knowledge sharing is the process by which an organization or individual has the knowledge of the information they have written in the form of a written language or demonstration. It includes the sharing of personal knowledge and encourage others to learn the two aspects, namely has the knowledge contribution to convey knowledge of potential recipients; at the same time by the acceptance of the individuals or groups to absorb knowledge acquisition behavior. The benefits of knowledge sharing to knowledge senders are embodied in interpersonal relationships and reputation.
 
1. Knowledge sharing behavior from the perspective of sociology and Economics
 
In recent years, knowledge has gradually become a concern of scholars in the field of knowledge sharing behavior between the members of the organization, good knowledge sharing not only can effectively improve the utilization of knowledge resources of internal members, but also enhance the core competitiveness of the team, enhance the ability of key performance evaluation. Knowledge sharing is a member of the organization is the general knowledge owner, consciously or voluntarily will have its own or work related knowledge or information through interpersonal interaction, sharing, transfer and dissemination to the organization or other members, sharing behavior and knowledge needs to learn other ways to read to obtain new knowledge. Knowledge sharing is essentially the exchange of knowledge between the members of the organization, is the owner of knowledge and knowledge of the recipient in a specific environment to achieve the flow of knowledge and value added.
 
Based on the theory of sociology, knowledge sharing is regarded as a social process, and its mechanism is the behavior of social exchange. Sociologist Homans's view is calculated to maximize and by the pursuit of the interests of the people are not always rational, human beings need to exchange not only money and honor and respect. Blau believes that this close social exchange relationship exists in a certain group or community in scope, on the basis of mutual trust, individual members expect by sharing exchange some things, including the spiritual rewards such as praise and recognition, material rewards such as money in kind 1, including reciprocal expectations of mutual trust and organizational climate, perceived physical or mental benefits are supportive factors sharing behavior.
 
Many scholars use the social exchange theory of knowledge sharing is a process of exchange, which includes the mutual knowledge and respect, material etc., should be said that the transfer or knowledge sharing motivation is essentially to expect some kind of social or individual returns, social exchange does not require the exchange of knowledge and how to get what kind of reward, but generous trust and respect is the premise of sharing behavior, from a sociological perspective to explain why the individual knowledge sharing behavior will be committed to cooperation in the absence of a clear reward conditions, because their contributions are recognized or organization members demand, as individuals who will be more willing to share knowledge contribution to return to the receiving party organization, the individual will feel the value of knowledge and the cohesion of the organization, and then promote the virtuous cycle of knowledge exchange interaction.
 
Economic theory believes that under certain constraint conditions is the rational pursuit of profit maximization. Therefore, in the process of knowledge sharing, individual members will consider whether to share knowledge from the perspective of interests. And take this rational behavior is also reflected in the non competitive public goods share, when all the members can benefit from it and do not involve any other people's interests, the formation and existence of public goods need to continue to share and contribution of members of the organization. For example, the information technology based on knowledge base can be regarded as the organization of public goods, it requires team members precise cooperation and knowledge sharing, the individual within the organization through the knowledge base to gain knowledge to improve their job performance, if the individual members are not willing to share their knowledge, just blindly request will inevitably lead to failure of knowledge base. The economics of knowledge sharing as a certain mutual exchange behavior based on interests, through the promotion of knowledge sharing has a good cooperative atmosphere makes the members of the organization, thus reducing the risk and cost of the public platform, improve the profits of both sides. Of course, different information exchange, negotiation supervision costs will affect knowledge sharing environment, the knowledge market due to human factors information authenticity, knowledge monopoly, regional interference, the information asymmetry between the knowledge contribution and the recipient, both trust and search costs will also affect knowledge sharing behavior and efficiency.
 
It should be said that from the perspective of sociology and economics of knowledge sharing provides a theoretical proof for us, affecting the individual knowledge organization under complex environment inevitably influenced by social, economic, sharing organizational and cultural factors based on the comprehensive research results provide the theoretical basis for the organization to provide benign sharing mechanism.
 
Part 2: the relationship and knowledge sharing among the members of Library Consortia
 
In recent years, the University Library Consortia showed rapid development in the country, members through building a sharing platform and open up to each other, provide document delivery, reference, digital resources and other services for readers. On the basis of sharing agreement, members of the alliance Museum Library through the service platform of digital library provides a set of reference service, interlibrary loan, subject gateway, mobile library as a whole for the user, to meet different user needs through the literature integration and resource sharing. 2 in the area of Fuzhou University City Library Alliance as an example, this platform is composed of eight colleges and universities in Fuzhou University, Fujian Normal University jointly launched the Fuzhou area and the construction of literature resources sharing (FULINK) was founded in 2010, 2016 3 menstrual Fujian Provincial Department of Education approved renamed "University Digital Library of Fujian Province, as of 2016 the platform has been added 13 universities in the province, the platform integrates the document information resources into university library consortia, and provides a convenient platform for joint search, borrow, document delivery service, mobile library, download after the CD as the members of the readers. Alliance of all member libraries in the library sharing of electronic resources and papermedia abundant information resources can be obtained at the same time, other members of the hall, members of the alliance cooperation and knowledge sharing can be categorized in the following aspects:
 
2.1, the organization of knowledge sharing model between members of the platform
 
The University of Fuzhou city literature resources sharing platform through reasonable rules and regulations to support the members of the organization, in order to ensure the knowledge sharing behavior of knowledge sharing. Through the establishment of an effective cooperative relation between the members of the organization and promote the exchange of learning, let the members know each other to solve the problem, improve the knowledge sharing opportunity and ability 3, the platform and the knowledge sharing between members in the general process is shown in figure 1.
 
 
 
Figure 1 sharing platform knowledge sharing flow diagram
 
Platform to stimulate the members will share the University City Museum shared resources, whether paper or electronic resources they are willing to contribute to share with members, but also gain the museum without literature resources, so that the literature resources sharing platform has persistent. They absorbed the Zhejiang Union University Library and University Library of Beijing's experience: creating a localized characteristic of fulink, the introduction of artificial intervention, to avoid the risk of intellectual property rights, technical personnel by members of the hall exchanges, strengthen the localization function and data harvesting.
 
2.2, knowledge sharing from the perspective of interactive process
 
In the process of knowledge sharing, no matter in what way to share knowledge, including knowledge search, knowledge creation, knowledge given these three aspects (see Figure two). Among the members of the organization through interactive communication and obtain a solution to the problem, and the relationship between members of platform is strengthened between members of the network, through the interaction between knowledge sharing platform, so that information can be spread quickly and share, and will be among the members of shared knowledge stored in the knowledge base. When members encounter problems at work, they can search the knowledge base for the knowledge they need. In the members described in the knowledge base information does not understand, can also through the network of contacts and knowledge providers, into the relationship between the knowledge provider and knowledge demand, the formation of network relations, and further interaction. The establishment of such a platform is helpful to strengthen the interaction between the members and improve the knowledge sharing and communication between members (4).
 
 
 
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Sharing of resources city platform to carry out consultation, interlibrary loan business, the members are arranged relevant personnel involved in the platform's FAQ, knowledge creation, and constantly seek to complete the process of knowledge sharing, it is such a benign interaction makes the platform of knowledge base showing sustained vitality.
 
2.3, mutual benefit in knowledge sharing
 
In the Fuzhou university city resources sharing platform, the spirit of cooperation between members of the college to build a shared, mutual interdependence, mutual benefit and help improve the members of the platform for the return and support. For example, each year they organize several resources sharing work of the leading group members or technical staff members in the construction, sharing views and experience, and help to form a good atmosphere of the team, such as a college freshman in shared awareness system application of museum education, let students complete the library cognitive in this lively and interesting way of working; they proposed the new outlook, such as the discussion of FULink new portal function design, system upgrade, joint loan system, found the CD with the book download system upgrade and new members join level recommendations, this mutually beneficial communication improves the operation the platform innovation speed, they also spontaneously improve the sharing process, let the exchange relationship between members of the more harmonious.
 
3, effective strategies to promote knowledge sharing among members of Library Consortia
 
3.1, interpersonal trust and interaction to promote knowledge sharing
 
Knowledge sharing among members is based on mutual understanding of mutual trust, which is a social relationship that cannot be measured by money or material. Share trust plays a link role in the process of knowledge, only to get the trust and appreciation of others, members have willingness to share knowledge, through interpersonal trust and effective interaction, the occurrence frequency increase among the members of the organization knowledge sharing behavior 5.
 
The University Library Consortia began to operate in the provincial education department led by the United province more well-known several universities, they have the unique advantages in resources, to unity and cooperation on mutual trust basis, thus more conducive to the promotion of knowledge sharing among member libraries. In recent years they closely carried out a series of activities, such as "Wanfang Cup" digital resources retrieval platform competition, knowledge competition in Fuzhou city of university information resource sharing, mobile FULINK experience activities, through publicity and interactive platform in deepening the influence between the members.
 
3.2, in order to encourage members to strengthen the sharing will
 
The appropriate incentive mode helps members to promote the knowledge sharing motivation, enabling members from knowledge sharing to realize higher self-worth, both internal and external incentives for members of knowledge sharing had significant positive effect on 6, in fact pay satisfaction is the supportive factors of knowledge sharing behaviors. To this end, the organization to increase the share of both internal and external incentive knowledge, strengthen the social motivation and psychological motivation of knowledge sharing behavior, avoid the negative effect of the economic incentive for knowledge sharing behavior caused by the increased interaction and communication between members of the learning and competition, stimulate employees to share knowledge and exchange, to provide a guarantee for the development of organization.
 
In order to encourage rich member libraries to provide more knowledge sharing service platform, launched a series of incentives to share in Fuzhou city of university information resources, such as to provide FULINK document delivery system on electronic journals or dissertations give each member library award of 2 to 10 yuan; to provide CALIS management center of Fujian province the members of the museum each platform sharing a given 5 to 15 yuan reward; for each receive a reader application and the entry into force of the members of the museum museum award 10 yuan. A certain benefit compensation mechanism also stimulates the enthusiasm of the members' knowledge sharing.
 
3.3, balance the interests of demand, improve knowledge sharing performance
 
Knowledge sharing is not only helpful to increase individual performance, but also to improve the overall performance of the team. Through effective communication and knowledge sharing, it is easy to facilitate the realization of organizational goals, thereby increasing the overall effectiveness of the team. The performance of the knowledge sharing behavior in the business process includes the following aspects: the quality of sharing, the spirit of collaboration, the performance of business, the efficiency of processes, and the satisfaction of readers (see Figure three). Share quality refers to the work in the process of knowledge sharing accuracy and timeliness; refers to the spirit of collaboration between the member of answering questions, technical problems; business performance is the staff sharing in the specific work on the platform to complete the task; process efficiency is the efficiency, while the reader satisfaction is the key link of performance. All of these aspects have positive influence on knowledge sharing behavior.
 
 
 
Figure 3 performance evaluation of knowledge sharing behavior
 
In the initial stage of construction, because there are differences in each member library used by the reader management system, personnel quality etc., the interests of every member in the balance of demand based on the platform of Museum has set up a series of rules and regulations, such as paper documents with lending rules, joint procurement of digital resources in the interim measures, to ensure the quality of knowledge sharing. Over the past four years, they have organized a special study on the mechanism of document information resources sharing of the two times, and actively participated in the work of the staff members. They also regularly summarize the statistical reports of the members of the library, and evaluate the efficiency of the work, so that the reader's satisfaction as an important basis for assessing the performance of knowledge sharing.
 
When every member of the library to achieve a relative balance of interests, enhance the knowledge sharing between members and exchanges will come. Give full play to the initiative of member libraries in knowledge resource service, contributes to the quality of personalized knowledge resources members into the construction of knowledge resources alliance in common, but also promote the resource rich members have more confidence for the library alliance service, thus enabling more librarians and users can share their knowledge resources sharing on the platform.
 
Reference:
 
1. Turner structure M sociological theory. Qiu Zeqi et al. Beijing: Huaxia publishing house, 2006
 
Chen Jin. Study on the mechanism of interests balance of University City Library Consortia [J]. Library of new century, 2015 (12): 14 - 17
 
[Tian Peng] Research on the influence of the application of.Web2.0 technology on knowledge sharing behavior [J]. Information science, 2011 (5): 651
 
Cao Yan, Wu Yingce et al. Analysis of the impact of the collaboration and knowledge sharing behavior on the innovation performance of R & D team [J]. China University of science and technology, 2010, (5): 17 - 19
 
5 Luo Qinglan, Sun Naiji, et al. In Guilan from the perspective of social network knowledge sharing behavior of employees of J. The National Library of China, 2013, (3): 50 - 54
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