Absrtact: With the rapid development of China's national economy, the development of the construction industry is very rapid. At the same time, the competition between construction enterprises is becoming more and more fierce, and the requirements for the quality of construction are gradually improved. In order to meet the needs of social development, construction enterprises must strengthen the management of construction projects, constantly improve the management system, absorb successful management experience, and provide guarantee for ensuring high-quality construction. This paper studies the current situation of construction project management at home and abroad, analyses the problems existing in current construction project management, and gives reasonable suggestions for further improvement of construction project management.
Key words: engineering management; problem analysis; countermeasure discussion
Construction safety problems and quality problems are mostly caused by inadequate project management. Construction quality and safety accidents are caused by many factors, such as inadequate management rules and regulations, low effectiveness of supervision, confusion of management procedures and so on. Therefore, the effective way to avoid construction accidents is to strengthen the management of construction projects. Efficient management can not only ensure the quality of projects, but also reduce the cost of construction and help to enhance the competitiveness of construction enterprises in the market.
1. Current situation of construction project management at home and abroad
1.1 Current situation of Construction Engineering Management in foreign countries
In terms of construction engineering management, many developed countries abroad have developed for a long time and are familiar with engineering management. They have already carried out information management and mechanized construction. The regulations of Construction Engineering Management in developed countries are very detailed. For example, the United States will not issue engineering quotas and engineering measurement rules through the government in the management of construction cost, but many unofficial publications of regulations, books and so on will also be recognized by construction managers, and even the United States government will write materials and costs in these regulations. It is evident that the United States has clear norms in the management of construction projects, and the whole management process is well-founded, which provides a strong guarantee for the management of construction projects. The construction volume in the UK will be divided into several parts. In addition to the contractors, the designated subcontractors, suppliers and relevant state organs will be specified in detail. Foreign developed countries also have stringent requirements for project supervision, which is in sharp contrast to the uneven level of construction management personnel in China.
1.2 Current situation of domestic construction project management
China's construction project management started late, relatively slow development speed, coupled with the constraints of the planned economy management system, so the overall project management level is low. Compared with developed countries, China's construction project management is chaotic, the concept of construction management is outdated, still adhering to the traditional rules and regulations, and has not established a scientific and modern development of building management mode. In terms of time limit setting for construction projects, the concept of overall planning is weak, the overall planning is not paid enough attention to, and often fails to deliver or quality problems occur. The above phenomena are caused by improper management methods. In addition, the management of equipment and personnel is also chaotic, and loopholes often occur, not paying attention to the storage and maintenance of equipment, construction equipment scheduling and quality problems often occur, seriously affecting the construction quality and progress. At present, China is in a period of rapid economic development, and the construction industry has become one of the important pillars to drive the national economy. Because the development process of the construction industry in China is not very long, the management consciousness of many project managers is still weak, and they can not really realize the positive role of project management, which leads to the lack of scientific management and imperfection of many projects. The management system lacks management software and application system. Compared with developed countries, the project management system of our country has not formed yet.
2. Significance of Engineering Management to Construction
Construction project management can complete the progress control of construction, ensure that the progress of construction and the target progress reach agreement, set the progress before the construction, designers need to communicate with the construction party, and draw up a scientific and reasonable progress plan. Through project management, the construction progress can be accelerated by mobilizing the enthusiasm of workers. In addition, construction project management can effectively control the construction cost, through reasonable measures to reduce the construction cost, improve the management level of enterprises and enhance the overall competitiveness of construction enterprises. Once the phenomenon of cost overruns occurs in the construction process, it is necessary to find out the reasons at the first time and control the cost, so as to shorten the construction period and reduce the construction with scientific and reasonable schemes. Material waste. Finally, the construction project management can control the construction quality, strictly check every detail in the construction process, ensure that the construction quality meets the actual needs, and promote the stable development of construction enterprises [2].
3. Problems in the management of construction projects
3.1 Organizational management issues
Construction engineering organization and management is mainly the management of personnel. For front-line construction workers, many construction workers are temporarily recruited, so it brings troubles to the unified management of personnel. Due to the imperfection of construction quality supervision and regulation system, as well as the weak sense of responsibility of managers, management confusion appears in the construction process. Some positions are occupied by multiple managers, which results in the overlapping of managers'functions. Once responsibility arises, managers shirk each other and can not solve the problem at the first time. Finally, there are some deficiencies in the management of professional technicians, the admission criteria for technicians are vague, and the assessment of professional qualifications such as builders, supervisory engineers and cost engineers is relatively loose. Therefore, the actual level of construction engineers and technicians needs to be further confirmed. The improvement of construction enterprise management system needs to be gradual. The interests of the company will affect the interests of all employees. Once the construction organization management is poor, it will affect the progress, quality and safety of the entire project.
3.2 Security Management Issues
In the construction industry, it is always necessary to uphold the principle of safety first. In terms of building quality and safety, many difficult construction projects are easy to cause casualties. In addition, the construction safety will be reduced due to the inconsistency of construction rhythm and the confusion of working procedures. The construction industry needs strong professionalism. Because the raw materials used in construction are heavy, the machinery and equipment used in construction need professional personnel to operate. In the construction process, safety accidents are very easy to occur, because there is no clear demarcation of construction site boundaries, resulting in non-staff entering the construction site without safety protection, and construction safety accidents occur. Finally, due to the negligence of managers, the inadvertent purchase and allocation of protective devices will lead to accidents that could have been avoided due to improper protection, which will bring great hidden dangers to the safety management of construction site. According to the statistics of relevant data, the risk of casualties in construction industry is second only to that in mines. The occurrence of construction accidents has brought huge losses to construction workers and construction units, and at the same time, it will cause adverse social effects to contractors. Safety management of modern engineering must be highly valued by construction units, and relevant departments must really implement safety production management.
3.3 Engineering Quality Management
Engineering quality management involves building materials, construction technology and construction quality. First of all, building materials, mainly including raw materials procurement, storage and use management, mechanical equipment maintenance and use management. Once managers can not record the registration of relevant materials, the construction party will have inconvenience when using materials or equipment, which will affect the construction progress. In addition, some leased machinery and equipment need to be registered in time and maintained reasonably, and returned to the leasing company in time after use, so as to avoid additional costs and increase economic burden for project construction. Secondly, in terms of construction technology, the completion of construction projects will involve a variety of construction technologies. Construction enterprises need to choose reasonable construction schemes. Due to the limited skill level of construction technicians and the confusion of construction technology standards, the construction technicians and builders can not refer to the actual standards for construction, resulting in the stagnation of construction technology management. Finally, in the aspect of construction quality management, there are many problems in the management of construction responsibility units. Some construction units do not strictly abide by relevant laws and regulations, and can not undertake business according to the qualification requirements of construction enterprises. As a result, a large number of unqualified construction enterprises are mixed in the construction market, and even some construction projects have malicious competition and arbitrary collection of management fees. Phenomenon. Due to the imperfection of management system, the quality problems of building construction are particularly prominent, such as leakage of houses, deflection of load-bearing walls and insufficient to withstand earthquakes. Engineering acceptance is the key point of project management, but at present, there is often an on-site acceptance work. Many concealed projects are directly neglected. The problems existing in engineering acceptance directly lead to a straight decline in building quality.
4. Effective Measures to Improve the Efficiency of Project Management
4.1 Building an Efficient Management Team
In order to improve the efficiency of construction project management in an all-round way, it is necessary to build an excellent management team. If managers are not cooperative, team consciousness is weak, and personnel transfer often occurs, the quality of project management can not be guaranteed. Therefore, scientific and efficient management team building is the basis to ensure the efficiency of project management. In the process of project implementation, it is necessary to establish the responsibility system of project manager, divide the construction responsibility into individual, establish modern management concept in the management team, and achieve the expected planning objectives. The construction quality of each construction team is directly related to the development of project activities. A scientific and reasonable schedule is indispensable. The project manager should ensure the rational use of materials and funds so that the progress of the project is completely under control.
4.2 Strengthening the Safety Management of Engineering
Construction safety is particularly important for engineering buildings. In the process of construction projects, not only the daily safety inspection work on the construction site should be completed, but also the overall inspection of the project should be carried out regularly. In the process of inspection, once hidden safety hazards are found, timely treatment should be carried out, the responsibility of the problem should be subdivided into individuals, and the rectified projects need to be reviewed and reconsidered. And real-time supervision to ensure the complete elimination of potential safety hazards. In the construction site, safety education should be strengthened, all construction teams should be mobilized to raise safety awareness, and safety propaganda slogans should be posted to ensure the smooth progress of the project. For some special jobs with high risk, it is necessary to train the operators systematically to ensure that the technology is qualified before operation. Engineering safety management is an important guarantee for the smooth construction, so construction enterprises must attach great importance to it.
4.3 Strengthening Construction Quality Management
Strengthening construction quality management is one of the important contents of construction project management, and also the basis of ensuring safe construction. Before the construction of the project, the quality standard of the project and the specific design plan must be clearly defined. The constructors need to read the design drawings carefully. In the construction process, the construction personnel should strengthen the management and control of the use of materials to ensure that construction materials meet the needs of Engineering quality. Before entering the site, construction materials need to be strictly inspected and classified to avoid corrosion or destruction of construction materials. In view of the links that are prone to problems in construction, it is necessary to focus on monitoring and control to prevent engineering quality problems. The inspection and acceptance work after the completion of construction should be very meticulous to avoid quality and safety problems.
4.4 Continuous pursuit of technological innovation
With the rapid development of modern construction technology, the implementation of project engineering needs continuous innovation on the basis of existing technology, enhance the core competitiveness of construction enterprises, win the market through technology and quality, and take technological innovation as the basis for the survival and development of construction enterprises. Construction enterprises need to constantly introduce advanced technology and equipment, and gradually transform their technological advantages into economic advantages. While technological innovation, it also promotes the innovation of enterprise management mode, so as to ensure that the management and implementation of project projects can be carried out efficiently [4].
5 Conclusion
Scientific and reasonable construction project management can ensure the quality of construction projects, is a strong guarantee for safe construction, and effectively improve economic benefits. In order to solve the problems existing in the construction process, it is necessary to rationally allocate the management responsibilities of the main body of the building, strengthen supervision and safety management, and prevent and control the occurrence of production accidents. Construction enterprises need to constantly improve and improve the current management model to ensure the smooth development of project activities.
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