Accurately grasp the new changes in domestic and international environment and fully understand the importance of improving the strategic layout of opening up
During the period of "12th Five-Year", China's opening to the outside world has made a new historic achievement, and it has become the world's largest trade in goods and major foreign investment country. "13th Five-Year" period, the subsequent impact of the international financial crisis will continue fermentation evolution, is bound to have a profound impact on global economic growth, technological revolution, the industrial revolution and the evolution of rules and other fields; China's economic development has entered a new norm, development speed, economic structure and development of dynamic changes.
From the international environment, the world economy is difficult to change the situation of low speed growth, the international industrial division of labor pattern changes, the international rules system is facing profound changes. From the domestic environment, China's comparative advantage of the new changes, the overall national strength and international status continued to rise, the new normal economic development requirements to further enhance the level of opening up.
Improve the regional layout of opening up
The formation of coastal and inland border cooperation and interaction of the new pattern of all-round opening at the beginning of reform and opening-up, the country has given the special policy of opening to the eastern coastal area, coupled with differences in geographical location, development foundation and factor endowments, opening up inland border area of our country has been relatively backward, open sea strong weak land, East West Express slow feature. In 2014, foreign trade, foreign investment in eastern region accounted for 85% and 81.9%; the local foreign investment enterprises in the eastern region accounted for 80.1%. from the goal of a comprehensive well-off society of the "13th Five-Year" period should adhere to the development of an open economy and promote the coordinated development of regional combination, accelerate the pace of inland open border, to improve the level of opening in coastal areas, a new pattern of all-round opening to build sea internal and external linkage, two-way open.
The opening up of coastal areas has a good starting point and a good foundation for economic development.
The proposal put forward: "to support the coastal areas to participate fully in global economic cooperation and competition, and to cultivate the advanced manufacturing base and economic zone with global influence." We should promote opening up coastal areas to upgrade and enhance the participation in the global division of labor and competition level, accelerate the transformation from the international processing and assembly base to the advanced manufacturing base, transition from a manufacturing center to the manufacturing center of research and development, service trade center, improve the ability of independent innovation, give full play to the leading role in the process of opening up.
Accelerate the optimization and upgrading of foreign trade to promote China's foreign trade power from a big country
China has become a big trading country, but the foreign trade structure is not reasonable, but not strong issues are still prominent, the technological content of export products and high added value, with independent intellectual property rights and its own brand products, facing the developed and developing countries squeezed, forced to achieve growth momentum and competitive advantage conversion need to be cut. The "proposal" clearly stated, "to speed up the optimization and upgrading of foreign trade, foreign trade from the big country to trade power" to promote the foreign trade to the high quality, and into the excellent transformation. It pointed out the direction for the development of foreign trade in 13th Five-Year.
Improve the competitiveness of traditional products. Light industry, textile and other labor-intensive consumer goods are the traditional advantages of China's products, but in recent years, the gradual weakening of competitiveness. Enterprises should be encouraged to increase R & D investment, improve product quality, strengthen marketing and after-sales service network construction, consolidate the international market share. Improve customs supervision mode, encourage cross-border e-commerce, market procurement trade, foreign trade and other integrated services enterprises and other new trade development, support for SMEs to develop international markets.
Strengthen equipment manufacturing and other new export led industries. It is an important direction of the transformation and upgrading of China's foreign trade from the consumer goods exports to consumer goods and capital goods exports. From the international experience, trade power is often a major exporter of equipment manufacturing and other capital goods. Since the reform and opening up, China's equipment manufacturing industry has made considerable progress, high speed rail, communications, power equipment, construction machinery and other products cost-effective, with strong international competitiveness.
"13th Five-Year" period, should seize the new round of global infrastructure construction opportunities, to foreign contracted projects for the pilot, to the financial and insurance services for support, and vigorously promote the export of equipment manufacturing.
Vigorously develop trade in services. Trade in services has become the focus of a new round of international competition and an important way to participate in economic globalization. In recent years, the rapid development of China's trade in services, but still lags behind the trade in goods. We should consolidate the traditional trade in services such as transportation and tourism, and strive to expand the export of new services such as culture, Chinese medicine, software and information services. Conform to the trend of the equipment manufacturing industry, vigorously develop the financial services, insurance, logistics, maintenance and other services trade exports, trade in services and trade in goods, foreign investment in close integration and mutual promotion. Improve the technical content and added value of service outsourcing, gradually shift from passive to professional service providers.
Actively expand imports. The import can not only make up for the shortage of domestic resources, promote domestic industrial restructuring and upgrading, improving people's living standards, but also conducive to play the market size of China's advantages, promote national economic and social development, to achieve mutual benefit and win-win. "Proposal" clearly stated: "the implementation of a positive import policy to expand the global market opening." According to the domestic economic and social development needs and the market supply and demand, improve the import promotion policies, improve the level of trade facilitation, actively expand the energy resources, advanced technology, key components and domestic demand for imports of consumer goods.
Improve the two-way investment layout to promote the introduction and development of coordinated development
Relative to foreign trade, two-way investment is a more advanced form of opening to the outside world, is China's deep integration into the world economy, better co-ordinate the two markets, the two resources, the effective way of the two types of rules. Should be in a positive and effective use of foreign capital, agglomeration of global resources at the same time, going to accelerate the pace of increasing global market allocation of resources and capabilities, and extend the industrial chain integration, and expand common interests and complementary advantages of all countries in the world.
In the introduction, at this stage, the use of foreign capital is not a simple introduction of funds, more importantly, the absorption of international investment capacity of technological innovation, advanced management experience and high-quality personnel.
"Proposal" put forward: "expand the field of opening up, relax access restrictions, and actively introduce foreign capital and advanced technology." Should the further liberalization of the general manufacturing industry, to attract foreign capital into high-end manufacturing, and efforts to expand services liberalization pilot, gradual relaxation of market access for services, layered promote the opening of the service industry. Improve the quality of the construction of free trade zone, in a wider range of replication. Full implementation of the national treatment before admission plus negative list management system, both domestic and foreign enterprises equally, promote fair competition. Strengthen the matter in the post regulation, according to the law to carry out national security review of foreign countries, improve the rule of law, international, convenient business environment. Promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial clusters Park, accelerate the integration and optimization of special customs supervision and regional integration, and promote innovation and development of national economic and Technological Development zones.
In going out, the opening up of China has entered a new stage by trade big country to country, investment products output towards industrial output, the emergence of new market situation, fusion energy resources, investment "three head" foreign depth. In this context, the "proposal" clearly put forward: "to support enterprises to expand foreign investment, promote the equipment, technology, standards and services go deep into the global industrial chain, value chain, logistics chain, the construction of a number of overseas commodity production base, foster a number of multinational enterprises."
We should improve the management of overseas investment, improve the foreign investment promotion policy and service system, and improve the level of foreign investment facilitation. To promote the signing of a high standard of bilateral investment agreements with other countries, judicial assistance agreement for more countries to avoid or simplify visa procedures. Improve foreign investment risk prevention and control mechanism, the establishment of overseas interests protection system. Development of industrial planning to go abroad, orderly international production capacity and equipment manufacturing cooperation in key industries, driven by China's equipment, technology and service output. To promote more powerful enterprises to carry out transnational operation has become the backbone of China's participation in economic globalization and an important support. The rapid development of the financial services put forward higher requirements. The "proposal" put forward, "actively build international capacity and equipment manufacturing cooperative financial services platform". We should give full play to the policy functions of financial institutions, guide commercial financial institutions to accelerate overseas layout, financing mode innovation, strengthen cooperation with international financial institutions, to build a financial service platform wide coverage and high efficiency, provide better financial services for the equipment manufacturing capacity and international cooperation.