1、 Research background
The master's degree of Journalism and communication in China was set up in 2010, and enrollment began in 2011. Different from academic masters, professional masters pay more attention to the cultivation and practice of business ability. Their goal is to cultivate high-level applied talents with strong professional practice ability and professional quality for the news and communication industry in the new era, and improve the overall quality and knowledge structure level of practitioners in news and communication institutions. From the perspective of enrollment scale and enrollment proportion, the enrollment proportion of master of Journalism and communication is high, and the popularity is increasing year by year. Each enrollment unit is committed to exploring differentiated training methods, and the local teaching experience of a single course is still accumulating. In vertical comparison, the trend of media integration is becoming more diversified and complex, and the requirements for the training of practical talents are more flexible and diverse. The training ideas and modes of academic masters need to be adjusted and optimized to a greater extent to improve the training results. At present, many enrollment units set up training programs according to the professional development characteristics of each school and the requirements of local industries. The "double qualified" teaching team is composed of professional teachers with good academic literacy and experienced industry instructors to jointly guide students.
With the expansion of the extension of Journalism and communication, virtual social networking, online shopping, film and television works, corporate public relations and government communication have been incorporated into the concept of big communication. The communication process and forms of works have become increasingly diverse, and the dominant position of communicators has sunk, realizing the integration of production and marketing. Therefore, media research has become a social hot spot, and the application for the master of Journalism and communication has increased year by year. It has not only become the path for students of this major to pursue further education in famous universities, but also become a popular choice. However, some colleges and universities only recruit non fresh students, requiring one year of work experience (such as the school of journalism of Nankai University), or cancel the unified examination for master students (such as the school of journalism of Peking University), and expand the enrollment proportion of master students. This has raised the threshold for the entry of master students to a certain extent, but also enriched the types of students.
Make good use of the main channel of the course, combine ideological and political elements and practical teaching, find problems in exploration and improve teaching quality; Strengthen modern teaching elements, stimulate students' interests, focus on learning and projects, and emphasize moral education in multiple dimensions. The specialized master's class needs teachers to think about how to organically combine theory with practice to achieve a good practical orientation.
2、 Literature review
Curriculum system, teaching staff and teaching practice platform are the three basic elements that determine the quality of journalism education. The construction of these three elements is related to the scientificity, foresight and practicality of Journalism and communication education, as well as the level of achieving the goals of Journalism and communication education. In 2014, a study put forward the bottleneck in the difference between the training of the master degree, the master degree and the undergraduate students: the needs of the students in school for the curriculum, teaching methods and the dual tutorial system training logic were not met, and it became a common problem to feel the stone to cross the river, to change soup without changing medicine and to compete homogeneously. The reform of the training system, the optimization of the media integration curriculum, the implementation of the dual tutor system, the construction of the teacher team and the construction of the financial media practice platform have all become the difficulties in the master's teaching of Journalism and communication in China. It is an important reform direction to reform the curriculum system, build an interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary curriculum training system, adjust the teaching staff, establish a scientific and reasonable incentive mechanism, strengthen the exchange and introduction of professional experience, and build a multi-dimensional practice platform. In the era of intelligent media, training students' practical ability to the latest intelligent media technology is the foundation for media talents to settle down; It is considered a timely way to expand students' theoretical vision and innovation awareness, improve basic research method literacy, achieve a balance between professional standards and general literacy, and improve the communication ability of we media. For example, the curriculum system of some media schools in Hong Kong has established the training direction of all media, created a full-time teaching system, strengthened the first-line training from the media, explored personalized training paths, and expanded diversified education and teaching resources in combination with the reality of technological development and media content production changes, providing reference for many inland universities. For another example, the training program of the master of Journalism and communication of Northwest University of political science and law puts forward the universal problems faced by the training of the master of Journalism and communication. The establishment of the three division system and the training of legal thinking have greatly inspired the professional colleges.
At present, the literature rarely mentions the practical teaching of the specialized and master courses and the application of "Curriculum Ideology and politics" in graduate teaching. Therefore, this paper will focus on the teaching practice of "news and communication policies, ethics and regulations" and "curriculum thought and politics", and explore how to give consideration to the students' diverse academic background, highlight the media integration, and realize the empathy and co construction of the curriculum.
3、 Teaching difficulties of media policies and regulations
In the teaching practice, the obstacles from the teaching objects, the construction of teaching content, the exertion of teaching practice and the expansion of resources affect the smooth development of the course content.
（1） The breadth of teaching content structure and the contradiction between it and students' fit
"Cross examination" students lack curriculum accumulation, and can not support the theories and concepts of more courses by relying on test preparation books alone. In addition, they do not complete the reading of theoretical literature with the help of general education and literacy courses, and their foundation is relatively weak; The different teaching quality and professional coverage of the school lead to insufficient grasp of some knowledge points of the students in this major. Therefore, it is necessary to complete the lack of basic theories and complete the reading of professional theory books from easy to difficult in the teaching of the first grade courses for postgraduates. The teaching difficulty needs to be appropriately adjusted to reduce the proportion of academic issues and discussions, so as to better interact with students. In contrast, on the basis of emphasizing the breadth of knowledge, the course of policies and regulations needs to use interdisciplinary knowledge such as journalism and law to guide students to quickly form communication awareness and problem awareness and promote good interaction between teachers and students.
（2） Understanding and integration of "curriculum ideological politics"
"Curriculum ideological and political education" requires that ideological and political education should be integrated into all links and aspects of curriculum teaching, and the whole curriculum education pattern should be constructed with the function of implicit ideological and political education and explicit ideological and political theory course. News and communication policies and regulations research courses serve the construction of the socialist rule of law. The curriculum topics, content settings and basis theories are in line with the core values of the Marxist concept of Journalism and the basic spirit of the construction of the socialist rule of law. How to realize the natural integration of practice in Teaching is still an important challenge we face. While effectively interpreting legal principles and regulations, we should realize natural and vivid education, improve the transmission rate of implicit education, and internalize the concept of socialist news legalization and standardization into a news concept.
（3） The contradiction between topic richness and the construction of theoretical analysis and mining ability
With the deepening of the penetration of the media society, the fields involving news and communication laws have increased, and the topics covered in the courses of policies and regulations have exploded. From copyright law, unfair competition, language expression, civil personality rights, public release of news information, production of radio and television content, to the promotion of the development of the film industry, and the moral quality of news communicators and writers and artists, all belong to the scope of this article. Face recognition and civil privacy, Internet manuscript washing and copyright protection, which had been neglected, have become media and social hot spots again; The discussion on the application of artificial intelligence and the Internet of things, the publicity of government information and other media events has led to the thinking on the ethics and regulations of news communication. The rapid development of financial media ecology has forced relevant functional departments to constantly innovate and reaffirm relevant policies and regulations, reshape industry self-discipline regulations and carry out special actions. The change of course knowledge points has entered an unprecedented high-speed state, which requires practitioners to maintain a high degree of enthusiasm and attention at all times.
However, there is a big gap between the explosion of information and the cultivation of students' in-depth analysis. The course requires both sides to have good news sensitivity and material sorting ability. The influx of a large number of materials will make both sides lose their main line consciousness and fall into information and anxiety, thus ignoring the cultivation of theory mining ability. Some news information cases mainly focus on phenomenal description, lack of problem awareness and in-depth discussion, and do not put forward targeted legislation or policy recommendations. For interdisciplinary students, topical cases and hot topics occupy a lot of attention, and there is room for improvement in the thinking and exploration of specific topics.
（4） The contradiction between the systematization and practice of teaching staff construction and the teaching system
The construction of teaching staff should pay attention to the introduction of highly educated talents in professional disciplines, which has spontaneously formed interdisciplinary barriers. Teaching teachers generally lack systematic legal training, and it is difficult to use the perspective of legal profession to analyze the legal significance of cases, find new breakthroughs, and the construction of interdisciplinary is insufficient; Teachers lack systematic and long-term front-line practical experience, and the news and communication laws and regulations cover a wide range and are updated rapidly, which requires the support of multiple fields and disciplines, which has become a pain point that can not be avoided in professional teaching; The "Dual Teacher System" still has difficulties in introducing "teaching resources as industry tutors" in the field of law. The actual course teaching problems still need to rely on the operation of the teaching team itself, or employ off campus experts to give lectures and project-based guidance as the main means.
（5） The contradiction between the development and utilization of teaching resources and subsequent construction
Since the beginning of the construction of the master of Journalism and communication, it is required to focus on training students to obtain strong business practice. Therefore, a certain proportion of practice sections need to be configured in the course assessment. At present, in addition to the co construction of curriculum resources, non political and legal institutions have some difficulties in expanding curriculum resources, and have not yet found practical and effective practical resources.
4、 Reconstruction in the midst of chaos -- the integration of Ideological and political education into the curriculum of news and communication policies and regulations
The construction of news legalization and education meet the basic requirements of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, especially in the stage of professional degree and master's degree with the increasing enrollment. To this end, the teaching team explored the curriculum teaching reform from the aspects of curriculum content, curriculum resources, teaching methods and output orientation.
（1） Integrating the core elements of "curriculum ideological politics"
In the setting section of the course content, the course firmly adheres to the leadership of the party, and makes it clear that the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is to build a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country under the rule of law. The focus of the course is on the construction of the concept of the rule of law in journalism and the rule of law education with Chinese characteristics. Based on China's reality, the course breaks down the changes in the media and policy changes in the new era, Focus on the analysis of individual propositions. For example, the opening chapter describes the general situation of news and communication laws and policies, emphasizing two services: serving the people and socialism, serving the overall situation, adhering to the leadership of the party, and law enforcement for the people; When talking about citizens' personality rights, we should firmly grasp the basis of citizens' rights and interests in socialist countries; When talking about the development of the Internet industry, put forward the policy of network ecology with Chinese characteristics.
（2） Case teaching: activating classroom experience
In combination with the existing textbooks on "media policies and regulations", the teaching team found the following common problems: 1. the textbooks are old, mostly before 2016; 2. the case is old and there is no detailed case analysis; 3. it mainly focuses on the introduction of legal provisions, and lacks in-depth research on problem awareness and theme awareness; 4. no expansion of existing resources.
The team teaching has set the course framework for radio and television, audio and video media, film industry development, advertising and marketing, Internet development, publishing and copyright, individual rights and obligations of citizens and other policies and regulations. Each module has arranged several topics for classroom discussion around the current focus issues. For example, when introducing the development of the film industry and policy regulation, students are required to collect relevant materials and conduct discussions on the basis of box office, tax, film review, film copyright, ticket subsidy, online film and rural film, and discuss how online film companies can go out of a more characteristic path in the post epidemic era.
The teaching team will update cases in time, strive to update cases by 30% every year, and form teaching empathy through new cases and new topics. For example, in the regulation of radio and television and audio and video development, the new regulations on the management of performing arts and major public opinion events are discussed in combination with relevant national ministries and trade associations; In the advertising and marketing sector, combined with the phenomenon of live broadcasting with goods in full swing, it analyzes whether the spokesperson's behavior is standardized and whether the advertisement is true; In the digital copyright protection section, the copyright of online short video, online game and online music can be analyzed and discussed.
The case analysis is kept in written form and included in the case database of media policies and regulations in order to help students complete the follow-up thematic analysis.
（3） Reading input: soft perception journalism and communication
In recent years, journalism and communication has increasingly become an examination subject with diverse types of students. On the one hand, it brings more topics and possibilities for interdisciplinary research; On the other hand, students need systematic knowledge of humanistic theory as the basis to form a dialogue within the discipline. In the early stage, carry out effective systematic training when planning the training program to learn from each other; In the later stage of teaching, teachers need to carry out soft implantation to construct the knowledge base of relevant disciplines required by the course. For example, this course provides a diversified list of Humanities and Social Sciences for professional masters every year, involving knowledge of sociology, psychology, law, political science and other disciplines, in addition to more popular readings such as nine people: the situation of the U.S. Supreme Court and the boundary of speech: a brief history of the first amendment to the U.S. Constitution, It also contains theoretical works such as Internet politics, discipline and punishment, between facts and norms: negotiation theory on law and a democratic country ruled by law, which help students form a scientific understanding of Journalism and communication.
（4） Output orientation: jointly building digital platforms
One of the core elements of "Course Ideological and political education" is to require students to apply what they have learned and master the guiding ideology of the construction of socialist journalistic legal system in practice, especially for professional masters.
To this end, the teaching team has set up several types of practical projects from shallow to deep, requiring students to complete them independently or in a team. For example, students are required to analyze the impact of policies on relevant industries from the perspective of news and communication law of a social phenomenon; Based on the policy evolution of a certain field, the research framework analysis of a topic is completed. Teachers and students conduct anonymous comments and discussions, and students are required to make topical choices and comments on the cases in the case library.
（5） Empathy construction and interdisciplinary subject exploration
The cultivation of professional masters can not ignore scientific research. In addition to inviting students to build a digital platform for the course, the teaching team also actively incubates subject research, applies for and presides over scientific research projects, jointly completes the subjects related to media laws and regulations of the teaching team, and helps students cultivate the scientific research awareness necessary for the discipline.