Under the 13th five year plan, Xi'an, Xixian new area and Xi'an Chanba ecological zone, as one of the origins of the "Silk Road Economic Belt", have been actively exploring and developing green finance and practicing green development by virtue of their long history, culture, science and education, tourism and other advantages.
1. Development status of green finance in Xi'an
1.1 overall development of Xi'an financial industry
1.1.1 continuous expansion of economic scale
In terms of economic aggregate, in 2018, Xi'an achieved an annual GDP of 834.986 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2% over 2017, an increase of 0.5 percentage points over the whole year, and 1.6 percentage points higher than the national level year on year. The total output value ranked 21st in China, up 5 places year on year. At present, relying on the five leading industries of high-tech, equipment manufacturing, tourism, modern services and culture, Xi'an has formed an industrial system with a complete range of industries, including machinery and equipment, transportation, aerospace, electronic information, biomedicine, food and beverage, petrochemical and other industries.
In terms of major social and economic development indicators, the total investment in fixed assets in Xi'an was 755.647 billion yuan, an increase of 12.9% over the previous year, with an average growth rate of 7.3%; In the whole year, the local fiscal revenue reached 136.471 billion yuan, an increase of 12.6% over the previous year.; The total volume of import trade reached US $99286.41 million, an increase of 12.5% over the previous year; The total volume of export trade reached US $15522.02 million, with a growth rate of 63.9%; The actually utilized foreign capital was 5306.8 million US dollars, with a growth rate of 17.8%.
1.1.2 increasing financial vitality
By 2018, the balance of various deposits in RMB of Xi'an financial institutions had reached 2094818 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5% over the previous year. The balance of various RMB loans of financial institutions was 197.2982 billion yuan, an increase of 16.4%. The total volume of securities transactions in the securities market is 3289.235 billion yuan, including 34 listed joint-stock companies, with a total listed share capital of 55002 (100 million shares) and a total market value of 383.809 billion yuan.
Over the years, the development of Xi'an's financial industry has laid a good foundation for the development of green finance.
1.2 development of green finance in Xi'an
1.2.1 green finance promotion mechanism is taking shape
In order to promote the development of green finance, financial institutions have actively explored from the aspects of organization, system, risk, reward and punishment. In terms of organizational structure, industrial bank Xi'an Branch has established a green finance department and three green finance franchise teams in accordance with the unified deployment of the head office; China Merchants Bank Xi'an Branch established a service team for green finance; Xi'an Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank has established a special green financial institution - cleaner production mechanism & green credit business promotion team; Other banks actively promote green finance business by establishing a leading group for green finance or a leading management department for green credit. At the institutional level, under the leadership of the head office, Xi'an Branch of China Construction Bank has established a long-term development mechanism of green finance, with the "five specialities" as its supporting measures, and has established green financial products and green financial service systems, mainly green credit, supplemented by green bonds and green industrial funds, concurrently operating asset securitization and trust leasing; Bank of Xi'an has researched and formulated special green credit access standards for manufacturing and other highly polluting and environmentally sensitive enterprises, and established a green credit evaluation mechanism suitable for environmental protection enterprises. In terms of risk prevention, ICBC and Bank of communications adopted the classification standard of "red, yellow and green" environmental protection signs for customers according to the "green environmental protection information inquiry form" of their provincial banks, and strictly implemented the "one vote veto system"; Industrial bank Xi'an branch and Bank of Xi'an adopted the internationally accepted green standard - "Equator Principle" to strengthen their ability to identify environmental and social risks. In terms of rewards and punishments, most Xi'an financial institutions can take environmental protection as the standard, establish a work responsibility system, and incorporate green credit business into the performance appraisal of departments and employees.
1.2.2 develop and innovate to enrich green products
In order to further promote the development of green financial business in Xi'an, improve the ecological environment in Xi'an, and build a "beautiful Xi'an", Xi'an financial institutions continue to explore new green products. Tertiary industry. The postal savings bank has developed the "financial subsidy income account for agricultural enterprises" with collateral as guarantee, and explored the green pledge loan business. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank formulates and charges flexible and determined interest collection amount for hydropower enterprises according to the power generation income in wet and dry seasons. The "photovoltaic loan" launched by rural credit cooperatives has realized the innovation of financing services; The high-tech environmental protection data loan of Xi'an Branch of Hengfeng bank has solved the capital needs of small and micro enterprises to expand their scale or develop new profit growth points. Bond sector. Xixian New Area Fengxi new city development and construction (Group) Co., Ltd. issued the first green bond in Shaanxi in August 2017, which is also the first green bond of urban investment platform in China, i.e. 1.5 billion yuan of green corporate bonds; Shaanxi Financial Holding Group Co., Ltd. issued 1billion yuan of green corporate bonds in march2018. In the low-carbon field, industrial bank Xi'an branch carried out energy efficiency financing services and invested in five energy conservation and emission reduction projects, with a total capital of 1.287 billion yuan; Xi'an Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank took the lead in exploring carbon finance business, developing CDM financial consulting business, and taking the first milestone step in the field of carbon finance.
1.3 Xi'an green finance policy support system
1.3.1 the government has increased policy guidance and gradually optimized the policy environment
In 2007, Xi'an Environmental Protection Bureau and the business management department of Xi'an Branch of the people's Bank of China jointly implemented the green credit policy in the city and actively explored the innovation of environmental management mechanism. On december9,2010, Xi'an Environmental Protection Bureau first released the administrative measures for green credit work (Provisional). Especially since 2015, Xi'an Branch of the people's Bank of China has successively issued the guidance on increasing financial support to promote Shaanxi to catch up and surpass and other documents to guide financial institutions in Xi'an to increase and strengthen support for high-end energy and chemical industry. Xi'an municipal government has also promulgated the measures for the management of green credit work, which clearly integrates the contribution of enterprises to the environment and environmental protection risks into the unified credit management of commercial banks, with a view to preventing the risks to banks caused by customer default through green credit policy means.
1.3.2 preliminary establishment of green credit evaluation
On the basis of the notice on carrying out green credit performance evaluation of banking deposit financial institutions and the green credit evaluation scheme for banking deposit financial institutions (Trial) issued by the people's Bank of China, Xi'an Branch of the people's Bank of China implemented the requirements of the head office for green credit performance evaluation and formulated the implementation rules for green credit performance evaluation of Shaanxi banking deposit financial institutions (legal persons) (Trial), In november2018, the bank organized the green credit performance evaluation of Shaanxi banking deposit financial institutions (legal persons) in the third quarter of 2018, and completed the evaluation results of 11 legal person financial institutions. With the smooth implementation of green credit performance evaluation, Xi'an banking deposit financial institutions will further strengthen credit support for green environmental protection industries, and the ability of green finance to support Xi'an's high-quality development and green transformation will be improved again. Generally speaking, although the green financial system in Xi'an has taken shape and green products have been continuously innovated, there is also the problem of single structure. In general, at present, its green finance is still in the primary development stage, and various problems are easy to appear. Whether these problems can be fully analyzed and solved is directly related to the sustainable development of green finance in Xi'an.
Discussion on the development potential of green finance in Xi'an
Based on the current practical experience and shortcomings in the development of green finance in Xi'an, the government and financial institutions can develop green finance around the following four points, further broaden the development channels of green finance in Xi'an, and promote its sustainable and healthy economic development.
2.1 define the concept of green development and build a green financial strategy
Developing green financial business is a step-by-step process like practicing the concept of green development. First, the government should accelerate the international cooperation and system construction of green finance, and use the G20 and other international financial conferences to adjust and improve the international green economic governance order. Secondly, commercial banks should fully learn from the practice of green finance in the world, build a strategic system of green finance and create a comprehensive green financial service business around the organizational structure, policy system, product structure, business process management, risk control, green information disclosure, corporate culture and other aspects.
2.2 improve the regulatory system of green finance and the policy system of green economy
Perfect legal infrastructure is an important institutional guarantee for the development of green finance. The development and expansion of green finance must be based on laws, regulations and systems. We should make full use of the mandatory and binding nature of laws to supervise and manage the market behavior of banks and other financial institutions and enterprises. We should formulate a green finance law, incorporate the ecological environment into the performance evaluation standards and values of financial institutions, and guide and supervise the credit and investment behavior of the financial industry, Ensure the implementation of relevant policies and the exertion of incentive mechanism, form a perfect legal supervision system for green finance, and effectively realize the green transformation and sustainable development of Xi'an economy.
2.3 guide the financial industry to strengthen green financial innovation
First, accelerate the innovation of green credit products. Under the guidance of the government, increase the research and development of green bond products and promote green consumption, such as green real estate credit and green automobile credit products; Secondly, actively promote green financial supply chain products. Financial institutions should give full play to the advantages of financial innovative products in customer resources gathered in new energy, high-end manufacturing equipment industry, military industry and other industrial chains, and explore and develop supply chain finance; Thirdly, accelerate product innovation in the fields of public welfare green industry fund, green insurance and carbon finance trading; Finally, we should further expand the green financial business to non credit financing products other than traditional credit financing, such as financial leasing, and develop the green financial leasing business.
2.4 increase financial support for green environmental behavior on the demand side
On the basis of actively guiding the financial industry to carry out financial product innovation, the government should also support the green products of green enterprises such as energy conservation and environmental protection and their use, especially attach great importance to and give financial support to the green environmental protection behavior on the demand side. From the current situation, the society emphasizes more on the financial support for supply side enterprises. In fact, only by increasing the financial support services for green consumption, the use of green products and the consumption side of green service customers, can the whole society effectively enhance the awareness of green environmental protection, consciously form the concept of green consumption, practice the concept of green, bring practical and reliable commercial benefits to the supply side, and promote Xi'an's economy Sustainable development of ecology.